卢拉在巴西总统决选中击败弗拉维奥·博索纳罗赢得第四任期Lula Defeats Flavio Bolsonaro in Runoff to Win Fourth Term

在首轮投票中，弗拉维奥·博索纳罗拿下了第一名并领先于卢拉，当时有超过3300万人放弃投票。面对挑战者的领先势头，现任总统团队的主要目标是争取卢拉在上一轮中未能动员起来的选票。随着两派阵营在竞选最后阶段举行大规模集会，投票站现场的人群规模与参与热情明显超过第一轮。

Flavio Bolsonaro secured a first-place finish ahead of Lula in the initial round of voting, a contest where more than 33 million Brazilians sat out the ballot. Confronted with the challenger's early lead, the incumbent campaign focused on finding the votes that the sitting president had failed to rally during that opening stage, as both camps held massive rallies to accelerate turnout in the final days of the race.

决选计票进入最后阶段时，卢拉依靠其核心根据地选民的强力动员，在最后关头逆转了第一轮的不利局势，艰难赢得创纪录的第四个总统任期。这位现任左翼领导人在激烈竞争中险胜对手，打破了弗拉维奥凭借近年来巴西选民保守化倾向所建立的先发优势。

Lula's victory was ultimately eked out at the eleventh hour after voters from his political heartland rallied to his rescue. That late surge enabled the incumbent leftist president to overcome his challenger's first-round advantage and secure a record fourth term, concluding an exceptionally tight runoff race against a rival who had mobilized Brazilians increasingly aligned with conservative politics in recent years.

现年45岁的参议员弗拉维奥·博索纳罗在竞选中将自己塑造为推动巴西变革的年轻力量。作为前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗的儿子，他的父亲四年前在寻求连任时败给卢拉，随后因企图发动政变推翻选举结果而被定罪。与父亲的高调张扬不同，弗拉维奥在公开场合既没有父亲那般引人瞩目，也缺乏同样鲜明的个人魅力，但他依靠动员近年来转向保守立场的选民，在整个竞选过程中取得了强劲表现。

At 45 years old, Senator Flavio Bolsonaro presented his candidacy as a generational shift and a call for change in Brazil. His father, Jair Bolsonaro, had lost his own reelection bid to Lula four years prior before being convicted for attempting a coup to overturn that democratic outcome. Flavio has adopted a different public persona on the campaign trail, appearing neither as bombastic nor as charismatic as his father, yet he successfully galvanized an electorate that has leaned increasingly conservative over recent election cycles.

面对右翼新星的挑战，80岁的卢拉迎来了其漫长政治生涯中最艰难的一场选举。作为主导巴西左翼阵营超过25年的标志性政治领袖，支持者将他视作兼具治国经验与极高政治活跃度的领导人，并认为阵营内部没有任何其他人物能够抗衡博索纳罗家族。这种代际反差与长期对峙促使两派选民在决选前夕走向激烈对立，部分厌倦两极化的选民甚至直言多年来巴西政坛几乎只剩卢拉与博索纳罗家族这两种面孔。

The challenge posed the steepest electoral test in the long political career of the 80-year-old Lula, who has stood as the dominant figure of the Brazilian left for more than 25 years. Supporters rallied around his continued political activity and status as an established statesman, arguing that no other leftist figure could defeat the Bolsonaro dynasty. This generational confrontation underscored the deep division of the race, with many voters expressing broader disillusionment over having faced a persistent choice between Lula and a Bolsonaro for years.

在首都巴西利亚，决选当天的投票过程整体保持平静但异常繁忙。根据原定安排，各投票站应在当地时间下午5点正式关闭。然而，巴西最高法院一名大法官在受理了来自卢拉和弗拉维奥·博索纳罗双方政党各自提交的独立申请后，作出裁决要求延长全天的投票时间。

In the capital city of Brasilia, election day voting proceeded calmly while maintaining a busy pace across local precincts. Polling stations were originally scheduled to shut their doors at 5 p.m. local time, but a Supreme Court justice subsequently ruled to extend voting hours after acting on separate petitions filed by the political parties of both Lula and Flavio Bolsonaro.

这项延长投票时限的司法裁定出炉时，恰好紧随原定下午5点的关闭时间点之后，在基层投票点引发了相当程度的技术混乱。由于指令到达时许多网点已按照既定规程处理完毕，部分站点紧急重新开门接纳选民，而另一些站点的电子投票机此前已经完成关机，现场工作人员只能在混乱中紧急应对技术操作差异。

The judicial order prompted widespread operational confusion across the voting network because the ruling to lengthen balloting was delivered immediately after the scheduled 5 p.m. closure. With the timing catching precinct workers in the middle of standard shutdown procedures, some polling stations quickly reopened their doors to lingering voters, while others had already powered down their electronic voting machines before the directive arrived.

在生活成本与犯罪治理成为选民首要国内关切的同时，许多前往投票站的巴西人表达出两害相权取其轻的倦怠感。两位候选人皆受到贪腐记录的困扰：卢拉此前曾因贪腐罪名被判入狱，尽管这些定罪随后被司法机关推翻且他始终否认任何不当行为，但相关指控仍影响着其政治声誉；弗拉维奥·博索纳罗与其家族近期也因一部关于前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗的传记电影筹集数百万美元而面临质疑，资金来源指向一名声名狼藉的银行家，弗拉维奥同样否认存在违规。

While high living costs and crime drove domestic concerns among voters, many citizens described casting ballots under a sense of choosing the lesser of two evils. Both campaigns entered election day overshadowed by corruption controversies. Lula had previously served prison time on corruption convictions before those charges were overturned, and despite his repeated denials of wrongdoing, the cases left an enduring mark on his record. Meanwhile, Flavio Bolsonaro and his family faced recent scrutiny over millions of dollars raised for a biographical movie about Jair Bolsonaro from a disgraced banker, an arrangement in which Flavio likewise denied any misconduct.

两派阵营在具体施政方向上也呈现鲜明撕裂。右翼选民要求削减巴西公共部门开支与政府项目，批评左翼向不作为人员发放过高薪酬，并呼吁重组被指权力过大的最高法院、特赦雅伊尔·博索纳罗以及建立更紧密的对美关系；支持卢拉的选民则对削减扶贫社会服务与免费公共医疗深表担忧，同时对特朗普在拉美日趋强硬的影响力抱持警惕，这些分歧进一步加深了选民在政治疲劳中的艰难抉择。

Beyond ethics debates, voters split sharply over the country's public administration and foreign posture. Conservative voters called for deep spending reductions across Brazil's public programs, alleging that leftist governance rewards desk workers with excessive compensation, while pressing to curtail what they viewed as an overly powerful Supreme Court, secure a presidential pardon for Jair Bolsonaro, and build closer ties with Washington. In contrast, Lula supporters expressed acute concern over potential retrenchments in free healthcare and social assistance for the poor, remaining wary of expanding U.S. assertiveness in Latin America under Donald Trump.