在赢得工党403名下议院议员中379人的支持后，安迪·伯纳姆正式接替辞职的基尔·斯塔默爵士，出任英国新任首相。伯纳姆迅速重组内阁，任命前国防大臣约翰·希利为财政大臣。在执政的第二天，伯纳姆便宣布了首个重大生活成本干预举措：从10月1日起免除家庭电费中5%的增值税，预计每个典型家庭每年可节省约45英镑。该政策在本财年预计耗资8.5亿英镑，其资金将通过取消未来三年预计耗资18亿英镑的数字身份证（Digital ID）项目来提供。新财长希利对该政策表示支持，但周一被免职的前首相首席秘书达伦·琼斯则指责这是一项无资金支持的减税政策。

After securing the backing of 379 out of 403 Labour MPs, Andy Burnham has officially succeeded Sir Keir Starmer as UK Prime Minister. Burnham quickly restructured his cabinet, appointing former defense secretary John Healey as Chancellor of the Exchequer. On his second day in office, Burnham announced his first major cost-of-living intervention: the removal of the 5% VAT on household electricity bills starting October 1, saving typical households about £45 annually. The measure is estimated to cost £850 million this financial year and will be funded by cancelling the national digital ID programme, which was projected to cost £1.8 billion over the next three years. While Chancellor Healey defended the move, Darren Jones, who was sacked as chief secretary to the prime minister on Monday, criticized it as an unfunded tax cut.

英国国家统计局公布的数据为新政府提供了复杂的经济背景。6月份公共部门净借款降至160亿英镑，同比减少79亿英镑，且低于预算责任办公室（OBR）预测的163亿英镑，这主要得益于与通胀挂钩的债务利息成本下降。然而，英国总债务仍维持在接近3万亿英镑的高位。在劳动力市场方面，截至5月的三个月内，失业率稳定在4.9%，但雇主将职位空缺数削减至712,000个，几乎是2022年水平的一半。同期，私营部门的薪资增速降至2.9%，创下2020年以来的最低水平，包括奖金在内的平均薪资增长率为4.3%，低于经济学家预测的4.5%。这些数据在英格兰银行下周公布利率决议前，提供了关键的宏观经济背景。

Data from the Office for National Statistics presented a complex economic backdrop for the new administration. June public sector net borrowing fell to £16 billion, down £7.9 billion year-on-year and below the OBR's forecast of £16.3 billion, driven by lower inflation-linked debt interest costs. However, total public debt remains near £3 trillion. In the labor market, the unemployment rate held steady at 4.9% in the three months to May, but job vacancies fell to 712,000, nearly half of 2022 levels. Concurrently, private sector wage growth slowed to 2.9%, its lowest since 2020, while average earnings growth including bonuses came in at 4.3%, missing the 4.5% forecast. These figures provide crucial context ahead of the Bank of England's interest rate decision next week.

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普于7月20日签署了三项公告，宣布将在30天内对包括葡萄酒、冰球棒和水泥在内的多种加拿大进口商品征收50%的关税。美国政府声称，此举是针对加拿大对美国汽车、乳制品和酒精产品实施“歧视性待遇”的回应。此次关税引用了1930年《关税法》第338条这一极少使用的法律条款，该条款允许对特定国家的进口商品征收最高50%的关税。尽管新关税将适用于美墨加协定（USMCA）覆盖的部分商品，但能源、钾肥、鱼类、关键矿物以及已受第232条国家安全关税影响的商品将被免除。加拿大总理马克·卡尼回应称，加拿大已准备好在未来几周内与美国“加强”贸易谈判。

US President Donald Trump signed three proclamations on July 20 to impose 50% tariffs on a wide range of Canadian goods, including wine, hockey sticks, and cement, to take effect in 30 days. The Trump administration cited Canada's "discriminatory treatment" of American motor vehicles, dairy, and alcohol products as the justification. The move utilizes Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930, a rarely used provision allowing tariffs of up to 50% on specific countries. While the duties will hit certain products covered under the USMCA, exemptions have been carved out for energy, potash, fish, critical minerals, and goods already subject to Section 232 tariffs. Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney stated that Canada stands ready to "intensify" trade talks with the US in the coming weeks.

美军对伊朗实施了连续第十个晚上的空袭，旨在削弱其在霍尔木兹海峡袭击商船的能力。美国中央司令部证实，周一晚间的袭击目标包括指挥中心、导弹和无人机发射场及防空系统。与此同时，五角大楼发言人肖恩·帕内尔证实，自7月7日冲突重启以来，已有近100名美军服役人员受伤，其中绝大多数为轻微脑震荡，96%已返回岗位。这一披露是在回应《纽约时报》指责五角大楼隐瞒伤亡的报道。此外，伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队声称对科威特和巴林境内的美方资产实施了报复性打击，包括声称使用巡航导弹摧毁了亚马逊公司在巴林的数据基础设施，但这些说法尚未得到巴林官方证实，也无法独立核实。

The US military conducted its 10th consecutive night of air strikes against Iran to degrade its capabilities to attack commercial shipping in the Strait of Hormuz. US Central Command confirmed Monday's strikes targeted command centers, missile and drone launch sites, and air defense systems. Meanwhile, Pentagon spokesman Sean Parnell confirmed that nearly 100 US service members have sustained injuries since the conflict resumed on July 7, with the vast majority involving minor concussions and 96% already back on duty. The disclosure followed a New York Times report accusing the military of withholding casualty data. Concurrently, Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps claimed retaliatory strikes against US assets in Kuwait and Bahrain, including the unverified destruction of Amazon's data infrastructure in Bahrain.

7月20日，中国与菲律宾船只在南海争议海域的仁爱礁附近发生冲突，导致一名菲律宾海军士兵头部受伤。菲律宾军方声称，中国海警船接近并骚扰其前哨基地，并用木棍击打菲方士兵。中国海警则否认了菲方的说法，反指两艘菲律宾船只无视警告并首先撞击了中方的巡逻船。7月21日，中国向菲律宾提出正式抗议，指责菲方进行“恶意骚扰”。在西太平洋另一端，日本防卫省确认，一艘中国海军旅洋III级导弹驱逐舰在冲之鸟礁西南约180公里处（日本主张的专属经济区内）进行了实弹演练，当时一艘俄罗斯护卫舰在附近观察。日本内阁官房长官木原稔对此表达了安全关切，并强调将密切关注中俄在日本周边的联合行动。

On July 20, Chinese and Philippine vessels clashed near Second Thomas Shoal in the South China Sea, leaving a Philippine Navy sailor with head injuries. The Philippine military claimed Chinese coastguard personnel harassed its outpost and struck a sailor with a wooden baton. China's coastguard rejected this, claiming two Philippine boats ignored warnings and rammed a Chinese patrol vessel. On July 21, China lodged a formal protest against the Philippines for "malicious harassment." Elsewhere in the Western Pacific, Japan's Ministry of Defense confirmed that a Chinese Luyang III-class destroyer conducted live-fire drills 180 kilometers southwest of Okinotori Island (within Japan's claimed EEZ) with a Russian frigate nearby. Japanese Chief Cabinet Secretary Minoru Kihara raised safety concerns and pledged to closely monitor China-Russia joint operations.

周六晚上，一艘名为“MV Barima”号的客运渡轮在圭亚那海岸附近倾覆，造成至少27人溺水身亡。圭亚那总理马克·菲利普斯于周一表示，目前已有69人获救，但仍有83人失踪，搜救工作仍在继续。公共工程部长胡安·埃奇希尔将此次沉船事件描述为该国数十年来最严重的海洋灾难。官方透露，有32名获救人员未登记在渡轮的舱单上，这表明实际乘船人数估计为179人，远高于最初记录的116名乘客和17名船员。目前，总理菲利普斯已对船员可能存在的疏忽展开调查，且有船员因药检显示违规而被当局拘留。

On Saturday night, the passenger ferry MV Barima capsized off the coast of Guyana, leaving at least 27 people dead. Prime Minister Mark Phillips stated on Monday that 69 people have been rescued, while 83 others remain missing as search and rescue operations continue. Minister of Public Works Juan Edghill described the sinking as the country's worst marine disaster in decades. Officials revealed that 32 rescued individuals were not recorded on the ferry's official manifest, indicating that the actual number of people on board was approximately 179, far higher than the registered 116 passengers and 17 crew. Prime Minister Phillips has launched an investigation into potential negligence, and several crew members have been detained following failed drug tests.