美国国防部将阿里巴巴、比亚迪和百度重新列入中国军事企业黑名单US Restores Alibaba, BYD, and Baidu to Chinese Military Blacklist

美国国防部于2026年6月8日周一更新并公布了中国军事企业名单。在本次更新中，五角大楼将电子商务巨头阿里巴巴、电动汽车制造商比亚迪以及搜索引擎巨头百度等知名中国非国有企业重新列入该名单。这一决定意味着，上述被列入名单的中国企业将被明确禁止获得任何美国国防合同。

The US Department of Defense updated and published its list of Chinese military companies on Monday, June 8, 2026. In this latest update, the Pentagon restored several prominent, non-state-owned Chinese companies to the blacklist, specifically naming e-commerce giant Alibaba, electric vehicle manufacturer BYD, and search engine giant Baidu. Under the terms of this designation, these companies are officially barred from securing US defense contracts.

此次被纳入名单的企业通常不被视为传统的国防或安全领域企业。五角大楼通过更新该名单，对这些在非传统国防领域运作的知名非国有实体实施制裁。此举反映出美国政府对中国利用非国有企业力量服务军事目的之策略保持着高度警惕。

The updated list targets well-known Chinese enterprises that are not traditionally considered to be operating within the defense or security sectors. By sanctioning these non-state-owned entities, the Pentagon's action reflects growing wariness in Washington regarding Beijing's strategy of tapping the capabilities and strength of private, non-state businesses for military purposes.

根据五角大楼的说明，被列入名单的公司符合法定的认定标准。这些标准主要基于多项具体因素，包括这些企业被指与中国国家实体、军民融合项目、中国人民解放军或政府工业计划存在关联。通过这些关联，即使是运作于非传统国防领域的非国有企业，也被美方认定为在为中国的国防工业基础提供支持。

According to the Pentagon, the designated companies met the statutory criteria for inclusion on the blacklist based on several key factors. These criteria include their alleged affiliations with Chinese state entities, military-civil fusion programs, the People's Liberation Army, or various government industrial initiatives. Through these connections, even non-state-owned firms operating outside traditional defense sectors are deemed by US authorities to be contributing to the country's defense industrial base.

在具体认定中，有数家企业因参与了中国政府的“专精特新小巨人”或“单项冠军”等工业计划而被特别提及。华盛顿方面正日益将此类计划视为支持北京战略技术雄心的重要举措。美方认为，这些项目使得看似属于民用领域的实体能够与国家的军事和安全目标建立起紧密联系。

Specifically, several of these companies were cited for their active participation in government-backed industrial initiatives, such as China's "Little Giant" or "Single Champion" schemes. Washington increasingly views these programs as key mechanisms supporting Beijing's strategic technology ambitions. Through these schemes, civilian enterprises are seen by US officials as aligning with state-directed military and security objectives.

该中国军事企业名单最初于2021年根据美国国会的授权设立。其设立的核心目的，在于识别五角大楼认为与中国军方存在联系、或为中国国防工业基础做出贡献的公司。这一机制不仅针对由中国军方和安全部队直接控制的实体，也将范围扩大至那些为中国国防建设提供支持的企业。

The blacklist was originally created in 2021 under a congressional mandate, with the primary objective of identifying Chinese companies that the Pentagon considers to have links to the Chinese military. This designation framework targets not only entities directly controlled by the Chinese military and security forces, but also those contributing to the country's broader defense industrial base.

在去年更新该名单时，美国国防部曾明确指出，中国军方正试图获取由看似民用实体的中国企业、大学和研究项目所开发的先进技术与专业知识。五角大楼的这一表态，凸显了其对中国军方通过民间渠道获取尖端技术能力的持续担忧，也为此次将更多非传统国防领域的民营科技巨头纳入制裁名单提供了政策逻辑支撑。

When updating the list last year, the Pentagon stated that the Chinese military sought to acquire advanced technologies and expertise developed by Chinese companies, universities, and research programs that appear to be civilian entities. This previous assessment underscores the US defense establishment's ongoing focus on preventing the military acquisition of civilian-developed technologies, serving as the policy foundation for the current inclusion of non-traditional tech firms.

值得注意的是，阿里巴巴、百度和比亚迪这三家中国巨头此次被重新列入黑名单，标志着其政策待遇的又一次转变。在2026年2月，这三家公司曾被突然从该国家安全风险名单中移出。然而，仅仅数月之后，美国政府便在最新的评估中重新确立了这些企业对美国构成的国家安全风险，并决定恢复其在黑名单中的地位。

The restoration of the three major Chinese groups to the blacklist marks a significant turn in their regulatory status. Alibaba, Baidu, and BYD had been suddenly removed from the national security risk list earlier in February 2026. However, with the Pentagon's latest update, the US government has re-established these prominent non-state-owned enterprises as national security risks and restored them to the blacklist.

这一重新列入的举动表明，美国国防部对于如何界定和防范中国非国有科技企业所带来的潜在安全风险，其评估标准和政策执行依然保持着高度的审慎与严厉。随着这三家企业重回黑名单，它们将再次面临无法获得美国国防合同的直接限制。

This swift reinstatement highlights the ongoing scrutiny these Chinese commercial giants face from US defense officials. By placing them back on the list, the US Department of Defense has re-imposed the restriction that bars these companies from securing any US defense contracts, reversing the brief reprieve they experienced following their sudden removal earlier this year.