美军正式结束在伊拉克作战任务并完成撤军US Military Concludes Combat Mission in Iraq and Completes Troop Withdrawal
美国中央司令部与五角大楼于2026年9月30日宣布，美国主导的国际联盟正式结束在伊拉克的“坚定决心行动”（Operation Inherent Resolve），并已完成从伊拉克北部埃尔比勒空军基地的部队人员与装备撤离。这项调整依据美伊双方在2024年达成的双边联合声明，将伊拉克境内的首要安全防务职责全面交接给伊拉克安全部队，同时美军将转入双边安全合作模式，继续为伊方提供定向培训与情报支持。打击极端组织“伊斯兰国”的联合特遣部队总部已重新部署至约旦，美军在叙利亚的行动与区域戒备仍将继续维持。伊拉克总理阿里·扎伊迪在周三的仪式上宣布10月1日为“国家主权日”，伊拉克领导层亦表示将按照政府既定时间表解决国家权威之外的武器问题。与此同时，伊朗及其盟友对美军撤出表示庆祝，各方则持续关注亲伊朗武装团体的动向以及极端组织残余势力可能带来的区域安全挑战。
US Central Command and the Pentagon announced on September 30, 2026, that the US-led military coalition has formally concluded Operation Inherent Resolve in Iraq, completing the withdrawal of personnel and equipment from Erbil Air Base. The pullout follows a bilateral agreement reached between Washington and Baghdad in 2024, shifting primary responsibility for the country's defense to Iraqi security forces while the United States transitions to a bilateral security relationship that maintains targeted training and intelligence support. The broader regional counter-ISIS mission remains operational, with Combined Joint Task Force-Operation Inherent Resolve relocating its headquarters to Jordan and continuing operations in Syria. Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi declared October 1 as Sovereignty Day, with Iraqi institutional leaders affirming that weapons outside state authority will be addressed according to government timelines. While Iran and its regional allies celebrated the departure of US forces, regional observers and security officials continue to monitor the potential emboldening of Iran-backed armed factions and risks posed by Islamic State remnants.
01美军完成撤离并正式结束‘坚定决心行动’US Military Concludes Operation Inherent Resolve and Completes Erbil Withdrawal
美国中央司令部与五角大楼在周三发表的声明中表示，美国主导的国际联盟正式结束在伊拉克长达12年的“坚定决心行动”，撤离行动完全符合2024年9月签署的美伊联合声明及美国国家利益。五角大楼发言人肖恩·帕内尔指出，这一进展标志着击垮极端组织“伊斯兰国”军事威胁的行动取得成果，也体现了从战时联盟作战模式向伊拉克自主负责安全防务、美伊转入常规双边防务合作的过渡。
In statements released on Wednesday, US Central Command and the Pentagon confirmed the formal conclusion of the 12-year Operation Inherent Resolve in Iraq, noting the exit aligns with the September 2024 US-Iraq joint statement and broader American security interests. Pentagon spokesperson Sean Parnell stated that the milestone reflects the success of the campaign in defeating the Islamic State as an organized military threat, marking a transition from a wartime coalition mandate to an Iraqi-led security structure supported by a normalized bilateral defense relationship.
美国中央司令部司令布拉德·库珀海军上将确认，驻扎在伊拉克北部埃尔比勒空军基地的人员与装备撤离已全部完成。该基地曾作为特遣部队的主要行动枢纽，容纳了约1500名支持反恐行动的美军及联军人员。库珀表示，伊拉克安全部队以及库尔德自治区安全部队与佩什梅格武装，如今已具备独立应对本土安全威胁的能力与作战自主性。
US Central Command commander Admiral Brad Cooper confirmed that the final removal of American personnel and hardware from Erbil Air Base in northern Iraq is complete. Erbil had served as the central operational hub for the task force, hosting the majority of the roughly 1,500 American and coalition forces involved in counter-ISIS operations. Cooper noted that Iraqi security forces, alongside the Peshmerga and other Kurdistan regional forces, now possess the capacity, leadership, and operational independence to handle homeland security challenges on their own.
美军驻伊拉克军事任务演变历程Evolution of the US Military Mission in Iraq
梳理美军自2003年推翻萨达姆政权、组建打击极端组织联军到2026年完成撤离的关键节点。
Traces key milestones of the US military presence in Iraq from the 2003 invasion through the 2026 withdrawal.
美军发起军事行动入侵伊拉克并推翻萨达姆·侯赛因政权，开启了长达二十余年的驻伊军事存在。
The US military launched the invasion of Iraq that toppled Saddam Hussein, beginning a military mission that lasted more than two decades.
在极端组织“伊斯兰国”夺取大片领土后，美国主导的国际联军部署至伊拉克和叙利亚，启动“坚定决心行动”。
Following the rapid seizure of territory by Islamic State extremists, a US-led coalition deployed to Iraq and Syria under Operation Inherent Resolve.
极端组织“伊斯兰国”在伊拉克境内被击败，联军部队随后转入支援伊军清剿该组织残余势力的常态任务。
The Islamic State was militarily defeated in Iraq, prompting coalition forces to remain to battle the group's remnants.
美国主导的国际联军在伊拉克基尔库克将K1空军基地正式移交给伊拉克陆军，逐步缩减多处基地部署。
Soldiers from the US-led coalition formally handed over the K1 Air Base in Kirkuk to the Iraqi Army.
美国与伊拉克达成协议并发表联合声明逐步结束联军任务，美军此后将驻军范围收缩至北部库尔德自治区。
The United States and Iraq agreed to wind down the coalition's mission, gradually restricting troop presence to the northern Kurdistan region.
美军完成从埃尔比勒空军基地的人员和装备撤出，正式结束历时12年的“坚定决心行动”，指挥部迁往约旦。
The US military completed the withdrawal of troops and equipment from Erbil Air Base, formally concluding the 12-year Operation Inherent Resolve in Iraq.
02特遣部队指挥部转移与中东反恐后续部署Task Force Relocation to Jordan and Continued Regional Counter-Terrorism
美军在伊拉克作战任务的终结并未完全停止其在中东地区的反恐行动。打击极端组织“伊斯兰国”的“坚定决心行动”联合特遣部队依然处于运作状态，其总部已正式转移部署至约旦。美国中央司令部表示，美军将继续与国际联盟伙伴以及叙利亚政府合作，在叙利亚境内推进打击极端组织的军事任务，同时维持对整个区域潜在安全威胁的应对态势。
The conclusion of the combat mission in Iraq does not end broader counter-terrorism operations across the Middle East. Combined Joint Task Force-Operation Inherent Resolve remains active, with its headquarters formally relocated to Jordan. According to US Central Command, American forces are continuing counter-ISIS operations in neighboring Syria alongside coalition partners and the Syrian government, maintaining regional alert to address emerging extremist threats.
尽管美军作战人员撤离了伊拉克基地，美国国防部明确表示将依据双边防务框架，继续向伊拉克安全合作伙伴提供定向培训以及情报支持。美国中央司令部司令布拉德·库珀指出，在把伊拉克国家安全防务职责全面移交给伊拉克政府的同时，驻扎在该地区的美国及联军部队仍将保持战备，随时准备对可能出现的极端组织威胁作出反应。
Despite withdrawing combat forces from Iraqi bases, the US Department of Defense confirmed it will continue to provide targeted training and intelligence support to Iraqi partners under a normalized bilateral security framework. US Central Command commander Admiral Brad Cooper stated that as primary defense responsibility is handed over to the government and people of Iraq, American and coalition forces stationed across the region remain positioned and ready to respond to any Islamic State threats that arise.
03伊拉克庆祝‘主权日’与国家武器管控议题Baghdad Marks Sovereignty Day and Addresses Arms Outside State Control
伊拉克总理阿里·扎伊迪在周三举行的仪式上指出，联军任务的结束标志着伊拉克开启了以国家主权、机构建设、部队战备就绪、决策统一以及与友邦建立平衡伙伴关系为核心的新阶段。扎伊迪此前宣布将美军撤离次日的10月1日设立为“主权日”。伊拉克行政、立法与司法分支领导人在周一联合表示，设立该纪念日旨在确认伊拉克走向完全主权的历程，并巩固国家及其机构的权威地位。
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi characterized the conclusion of the coalition military mission as the opening of a new chapter defined by national sovereignty, institutional capacity, force readiness, unified decision-making, and balanced partnerships with international allies. Zaidi designated October 1, the day following the completion of the coalition pullout, as Sovereignty Day. On Monday, the heads of Iraq's executive, legislative, and judicial branches jointly affirmed that the observance represents a national milestone cementing Iraq's path toward full sovereignty and solidifying the authority of state institutions.
针对国内武装团体的武器管控问题，伊拉克三大权力机构领导人联合强调，必须依照伊拉克政府制定的具体时间表，妥善解决国家权威之外的武器留存问题，以此强化国家主权。伊拉克政府方面认为，美军作战部队的彻底撤出将使亲伊朗武装派系失去继续保留武器装备的理由，从而为国家统一管理安全力量创造条件。
Addressing domestic arms outside federal control, the leaders of Iraq's three branches of government emphasized that the presence of weapons outside state authority must be resolved according to timelines established by the government to reinforce sovereignty. Baghdad officials have maintained that the formal withdrawal of American combat forces removes the primary justification used by Iran-backed armed factions to retain independent arsenals, providing a framework for bringing national security strictly under state oversight.
04各方地缘反应与区域安全挑战Regional Reactions and Ongoing Security Concerns
美军作战部队的撤离引发了中东各方的不同反应。伊朗及其地区盟友将美军撤离视为其“抵抗之轴”阵营的胜利，德黑兰方面长期以来一直谋求美军彻底撤出中东地区。这项撤军协议由前总统乔·拜登于2024年达成，并在唐纳德·特朗普总统任内执行。美方近几个月来在伊拉克的驻留面临持续危险，7月一名美军士兵在埃尔比勒空军基地引爆被击落的伊朗攻击无人机时丧生。
The departure of American combat forces drew contrasting reactions across the region. Iran and its regional armed allies celebrated the withdrawal as a victory for Tehran's "axis of resistance," aligning with Iran's longstanding goal of removing the US military from the Middle East. The withdrawal arrangement, originally negotiated in 2024 under former President Joe Biden, was executed under President Donald Trump. Security risks to American forces had persisted through the final months of the deployment, including a July incident at Erbil Air Base where a US service member was killed during the controlled detonation of a downed Iranian attack drone.
许多伊拉克民众及地区安全观察人士对撤军后的局势表达了担忧，认为美军的离开可能促使尚未缴械的亲伊朗什叶派武装派系争夺更大控制权，并将伊拉克卷入更广泛的区域冲突。此外，观察人士亦警惕极端组织“伊斯兰国”残余势力可能借机重新集结。在美军先前设有基地的半自治库尔德自治区，埃尔比勒当地居民向法新社表示，他们对无人机袭击带来的安全威胁感到日益担忧。
Many Iraqi citizens and security observers voiced apprehension that the pullout could further embolden heavily armed, pro-Iran Shiite militia factions that have yet to disarm, potentially expanding their domestic influence and entangling Iraq deeper into regional conflict. Concerns also persist that remnants of the Islamic State could exploit the security void to regroup. In the semi-autonomous northern Kurdistan region, where American forces maintained their final bases, residents in Erbil told AFP they face heightened anxiety over drone strikes and local security vulnerabilities following the departure.
