美国宣布对加拿大酒类、乳制品及摩托车实施进口禁令US Imposes Import Bans on Canadian Alcohol, Dairy, and Motorcycles

根据白宫公布的行政命令细节，定于2026年9月29日生效的进口禁令主要取代原先50%的关税设置，覆盖品类涉及大排量摩托车、轻便摩托车，以及乳清蛋白、转化糖蜜、甘蔗糖蜜和无酒精啤酒。酒类禁令范围涵盖麦芽啤酒、苹果酒、各类葡萄酒以及威士忌、波旁威士忌、朗姆酒、伏特加、苦艾酒、龙舌兰酒、梅斯卡尔酒和白兰地等几乎所有烈酒产品。

According to details released in the White House executive orders, the import bans taking effect on September 29, 2026, largely replace previous 50% tariffs. The restrictions target Canadian larger-capacity motorcycles, mopeds, whey protein, invert molasses, cane molasses, and non-alcoholic beer. The alcohol bans encompass an extensive selection of beverages, including malt beer, cider, various wines, and spirits such as whisky, bourbon, rum, vodka, vermouth, tequila, mezcal, and brandy.

除全面进口禁令外，美方公布了自9月15日起执行的关税调整清单，将全地形车、动物皮革、床垫、摩托艇、高尔夫球车以及部分奶酪、纸张、铝制品、木材、家具和照明设备纳入50%关税征收范围，同时移除了岩盐和水泥。美国总统特朗普还指示美国总务管理局，在渥太华恢复全面对等待遇前，将加拿大商品排除在长期政府采购合同之外，并威胁若加拿大庞巴迪公司不在美国本土设厂制造，将阻止其向美国销售飞机。

Beyond outright bans, the US administration announced modified tariff schedules effective September 15. The 50% duties will apply to all-terrain vehicles, animal hides, mattresses, motorboats, golf carts, select cheeses, paper, aluminium, wood, furniture, and lighting equipment, while rock salt and cement were removed from the tariff list. Additionally, President Donald Trump directed the US General Services Administration to exclude Canadian goods from long-term government procurement contracts until reciprocity is restored, and threatened to block Canadian planemaker Bombardier from the US market unless its aircraft are manufactured inside the United States.

美加贸易摩擦的加剧源于双方多轮谈判破裂。8月21日截止日期前夕，双边谈判未能达成协议，美国随后对约200亿美元的加拿大商品征收50%关税，重点波及加拿大葡萄酒产业、家具制造及部分体育和渔业设备行业。华盛顿方面指责加拿大在汽车、酒类和乳制品领域的贸易政策损害了美国出口，并指出两国间存在货物贸易逆差。

The trade dispute intensified following the collapse of multiple rounds of bilateral negotiations just before an August 21 deadline. After talks broke down, Washington imposed 50% tariffs on approximately $20 billion worth of Canadian imports, hitting sectors such as Canadian wine, furniture manufacturing, and select sporting and fishing equipment. US officials accused Ottawa of disadvantaging American exports through policies governing automobiles, alcohol, and dairy, while pointing to the bilateral goods trade deficit.

作为对美方8月关税的对等回应，加拿大自周二午夜起对价值约276亿加元（约200亿美元）的美国商品征收反制关税，涵盖钢铁、农机、纸浆造纸、电子产品和服装等700多种商品。白宫方面表示，最新的酒类进口禁令部分原因在于加拿大各省商店将美国酒类下架的抵制行为，美方认为这种做法构成了针对美国企业的歧视。

Ottawa responded on a dollar-for-dollar basis, enacting counter-tariffs on CA$27.6 billion (roughly $20 billion) of US imports after midnight on Tuesday. The Canadian measures applied to more than 700 products across steel, agricultural machinery, clothing, pulp and paper, and electronics. The White House stated that its subsequent alcohol ban was partly triggered by Canadian provincial boycotts that removed US wines and spirits from retail shelves, which US officials characterized as discriminatory practice against American exporters.

针对美方出台的进口限制措施，加拿大总理马克·卡尼在视频讲话中强调，加拿大拥有转型和发展所需的全部条件，加快减少对美贸易依赖虽然会带来经济代价，但付出代价采取行动远好于停滞不前的代价，其核心目标是确保没有任何国家能够借此要挟加拿大。

Addressing the new US trade restrictions, Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney emphasized in a video address that Canada possesses the necessary resources to pivot and prosper. Carney noted that accelerating efforts to lessen reliance on the US market will entail economic costs, but argued that the cost of taking decisive action remains far lower than the cost of standing still, adding that the goal is to ensure no foreign nation can hold Canada hostage.

加拿大贸易部长多米尼克·勒布朗对美方最新禁令提出批评，称这些措施毫无道理，并表示政府的首要任务是保护本国工人、家庭和企业，同时增强本土实力并拓展海外伙伴关系。勒布朗证实已与美国贸易代表格里尔沟通，双方承诺秉持诚意继续接触，以探讨解决经贸摩擦的替代路径。

Canadian Trade Minister Dominic LeBlanc criticized the latest US measures as unjustified, affirming that Ottawa's focus remains on protecting domestic workers, families, and businesses while diversifying trade partnerships abroad. LeBlanc confirmed that he had held discussions with US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer over recent days, with both sides pledging to work in good faith and hold further talks to explore alternative paths forward.

美加两国每年货物贸易总额高达7155亿美元，加拿大通常有超过三分之二的出口销往美国，今年近68%的对美出口原本依托《美墨加协定》（USMCA）免税待遇通关。根据联合国及交易经济学数据，2025年加拿大对美出口烈酒价值达6.87亿美元，乳制品出口为2.69亿美元，摩托车出口为9000万美元。尽管现行关税和禁令覆盖的贸易份额相对有限，但经济学家指出，跨国经贸限制将对中小企业造成即时冲击。

The ongoing escalation places significant pressure on a trade corridor valued at $715.5 billion in annual bilateral goods trade. Canada typically sends more than two-thirds of its overall exports to the United States, with nearly 68% of shipments this year having entered duty-free under United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) exemptions. According to UN data compiled by Trading Economics, Canadian exports to the US in 2025 totaled $687 million for alcoholic spirits, $269 million for dairy products, and $90 million for motorcycles. Although existing sanctions target a bounded portion of total trade, economists warned of an immediate blow to small- and medium-sized businesses.

两国边境商业经营者对贸易摩擦的后续连锁反应表达了担忧，普遍预计商品价格将上升而顾客流量会减少。由于美方施加禁令与高额关税，加方同时实施对等反制，企业正面临关税与合规层面的双重成本压力。与此同时，持续升级的经贸摩擦令该地区三方贸易框架《美墨加协定》的前景蒙上阴影，也促使渥太华方面考虑进一步深化与欧洲联盟等其他经济体的经贸关系。

Business owners across the border expressed growing concerns over the dispute's economic fallout, expecting higher goods prices and reduced customer volumes. Companies face rising tariff, compliance, and operational burdens while waiting to see whether duties hold or additional measures follow. Furthermore, the recurring wave of import bans and 50% levies has cast a shadow over the future viability of the USMCA pact, prompting Canadian officials to explore deeper economic relationships with alternative partners, including the European Union.