美伊达成两周停火协议：德黑兰拟对霍尔木兹海峡过境船只收费US and Iran Reach Two-Week Ceasefire as Tehran Proposes Strait of Hormuz Transit Fees

作为结束美以对伊战争的10点提案的一部分，伊朗政府正积极寻求对霍尔木兹海峡的长期行政与经济控制。德黑兰官员暗示，计划对通过该海峡的集装箱船征收过境费，这被视为伊朗在军事压力下寻求经济补偿和战略筹码的手段。周三，聚集在海峡附近的数百艘货轮收到了伊朗海军的广播通知，要求所有过境船只必须接受德黑兰的指挥，且不容许任何形式的讨价还价。

As part of its 10-point proposal to end the conflict, the Iranian government is pushing for sustained administrative and economic control over the Strait of Hormuz. Officials in Tehran have suggested charging transit fees for container ships, a move seen as an attempt to secure economic compensation and strategic leverage amid ongoing military pressure. On Wednesday, hundreds of vessels waiting near the strait received broadcasts from the Iranian navy stating that any attempt to pass would require strict adherence to Tehran's directives, leaving no room for negotiation.

• 伊朗要求对过境集装箱船征收费用，作为其10点和平提案的核心内容。
• 数百艘货轮目前在海峡两侧滞留，等待明确的通行许可。
• 伊朗海军通过广播重申了对该水道的绝对管控权。

• Iran demands transit fees for container ships as a central component of its 10-point peace proposal.
• Hundreds of cargo ships are currently stalled on both sides of the strait, awaiting clear passage permission.
• The Iranian navy reaffirmed its absolute control over the waterway via naval broadcasts.

就在美伊停火协议生效后不久，以色列国防军对黎巴嫩境内目标实施了大规模打击。这次袭击被描述为以色列在该战线上发动的“最强力”行动，造成了严重的人员伤亡。尽管美国总统特朗普在电话中向媒体表示，以色列在黎巴嫩的行动属于“独立的冲突”，不属于美伊停火协议的范畴，但德黑兰方面显然持不同看法。伊朗议长加利巴夫明确指出，以色列的持续攻击是导致停火协议可能“挂在悬崖边缘”的主要原因。

Shortly after the U.S.-Iran ceasefire took effect, the Israel Defense Forces launched large-scale strikes against targets in Lebanon. Described as the most powerful operation on that front to date, the attacks resulted in significant casualties. While President Trump told reporters in a phone call that the Israeli actions in Lebanon constitute a 'separate skirmish' not covered by the Iran ceasefire, Tehran holds a different view. Iranian Speaker Ghalibaf explicitly stated that the ongoing Israeli offensive is the primary reason the ceasefire deal appears to be 'hanging by a thread.'

尽管局势动荡，美伊双方在协议达成后均表现出一定的克制。这是五个多星期以来，美国首次未对伊朗发动大规模袭击，而伊朗也未打击美国目标。然而，这种平静被普遍认为是暂时的。美国副总统JD·万斯承认协议的脆弱性，而法国总统马克龙则在与特朗普和伊朗总统佩泽希齐扬的沟通中，试图扩大停火的地理范围，以防止黎巴嫩战火彻底烧毁美伊之间的外交成果。

Despite the volatility, both the U.S. and Iran showed a degree of restraint following the agreement. For the first time in over five weeks, the U.S. did not launch widespread attacks on Iran, and Iran refrained from striking American targets. However, this calm is widely viewed as temporary. U.S. Vice President JD Vance acknowledged the fragility of the deal, while French President Macron, in talks with Trump and Iranian President Pezeshkian, attempted to expand the geographic scope of the ceasefire to prevent the conflict in Lebanon from completely destroying the diplomatic progress between Washington and Tehran.