统一俄罗斯党在杜马选举中大幅领先 投票日遭遇大规模无人机袭击United Russia Dominates State Duma Election Amid Large-Scale Drone Attacks
俄罗斯中央选举委员会公布的初步计票结果显示，执政党统一俄罗斯党在自2022年全面进攻乌克兰以来的首次国家杜马选举中大幅领先，得票率接近58%，预计将继续保持在下议院的多数席位。官方统计显示，截至周日晚全国选民投票率接近57%，超过360万人参与了线上投票，投票范围同时涵盖了俄方控制的乌克兰四个被吞并地区以及克里米亚。俄罗斯共产党、自由民主党、新人党和公正俄罗斯党等体制内政党得票率紧随其后，有望进入议会，而唯一公开反对战争的自由派亚博卢党则被俄最高法院禁止参选。在为期三天的投票最后一天，莫斯科及其他地区遭遇了俄方官员所称的大规模乌克兰无人机袭击，导致莫斯科地区3人死亡、赫尔松俄控区2人死亡，并造成莫斯科一家炼油厂设施受损。乌克兰方面谴责在被占领区域组织投票属于非法行为，指责俄方持续升级战争；乌克兰总统泽连斯基同时宣布，本周将在纽约与美国总统特朗普会面，就安全与局势降温议题展开商讨。
Russia's ruling United Russia party secured a dominant lead in the country's first State Duma parliamentary election since the 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine, winning nearly 58 percent of the vote with the vast majority of ballots counted, according to preliminary Central Election Commission data. Official tallies placed voter turnout at just under 57 percent by Sunday night, with more than 3.6 million citizens casting ballots online across a voting map that included four annexed Ukrainian regions and Crimea. Systemic parties including the Communist Party, the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, New People, and A Just Russia trailed behind to secure seats, while the liberal Yabloko party, the sole registered anti-war faction, remained barred from standing by the Supreme Court. The three-day ballot concluded alongside heavy security disruptions on Sunday, when what Russian officials described as the largest Ukrainian drone strike targeted Moscow and other regions, killing three people in the Moscow area, two in Russian-held Kherson, and damaging an oil refinery facility. Ukraine condemned the voting in occupied territories as illegal, while Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy confirmed he will meet U.S. President Donald Trump in New York this week to discuss de-escalation and security.
01选举初步计票与执政党领先地位Preliminary Election Results and United Russia's Lead
俄罗斯中央选举委员会发布的数据显示，在完成90.43%的选票清点后，执政党统一俄罗斯党以57.86%的得票率占据绝对领先。在国家杜马总共450个议席中，225个议席由政党名单按比例分配，另外225个通过单选区直接选举产生。预测结果显示统一俄罗斯党有望赢下单选区的大多数席位，从而夺得杜马超过四分之三的议席，巩固其自2021年获得326席以来的绝对多数地位。
Data published by the Central Election Commission showed that with 90.43 percent of ballots counted, the ruling United Russia party maintained an overwhelming lead with 57.86 percent of the vote. In the 450-seat State Duma, 225 deputies are apportioned from party lists and another 225 lawmakers are chosen in single-seat races, where Vladimir Putin's party is projected to win most constituencies. The outcome positions United Russia to take more than three-quarters of the lower house seats, solidifying the absolute majority it previously established in 2021 when it won 326 seats.
本届选举面向约1.11亿合格选民展开，为期三天的投票截至周日晚录得近57%的选民投票率。俄罗斯数字发展、通信与大众传媒部通报，全国有超过360万人通过线上系统参与了投票。俄罗斯中央选举委员会表示，将于周一公布更多初步结果与最终投票率统计，而完成全部法定计票流程后的正式最终结果预计将在周五前正式出炉。
Around 111 million citizens were eligible to vote across the three-day election, which registered an overall turnout just under 57 percent by Sunday evening. Russia's Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media reported that over 3.6 million people cast their ballots using online voting systems. While the election commission planned to release additional preliminary tallies and turnout figures on Monday, official final results are expected by Friday once all ballots are processed and legal verification procedures are completed.
02参选党派分布与反战声音受限Party Distribution and Constraints on Anti-War Opposition
在执政党之后，俄罗斯共产党以13.84%的得票率位列第二，极右翼的自由民主党获得8.9%，新人党拿下7.94%，公正俄罗斯党录得4.95%。这四个体制内政党在杜马表决中普遍与统一俄罗斯党保持步调一致。总部位于柏林的智库NEST指出，在经济承压与冲突影响持续显现的背景下，俄共与新人党所获的部分选票可能反映了选民对执政当局的无声抗议，体现出公众累积的焦虑情绪。
Behind the ruling party, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation secured second place with 13.84 percent of the vote, followed by the ultranationalist Liberal Democratic Party of Russia at 8.9 percent, New People at 7.94 percent, and A Just Russia at 4.95 percent. These systemic parties largely vote in alignment with United Russia in parliament. According to the Berlin-based think tank NEST, cast ballots for the CPRF and New People may in many instances represent a silent protest against Vladimir Putin and his party amid economic strain, as the domestic consequences of the war translate into votes for permitted alternatives.
反战政治力量在此次选举中受到严格限制。唯一公开反对俄乌战争的自由派政党亚博卢党被俄罗斯最高法院禁止参选，该党两名高级成员在选前因涉战言论被判处长期监禁。亚博卢党领导人尼古拉·雷巴科夫在投票站公开损毁选票，在选票上写下党派名称与“为了和平”的口号以示抗议。
Anti-war political forces faced strict exclusions during the campaign. The liberal Yabloko party, the sole registered political entity openly opposing the war in Ukraine, was barred from standing by Russia's Supreme Court, while two of its senior party figures were handed long prison sentences prior to the election due to wartime remarks. Yabloko leader Nikolai Rybakov demonstrably spoiled his ballot at a polling station by writing the party's name and the slogan "For peace" across the paper.
03投票期间的无人机袭击与安全事件Drone Strikes and Security Incidents During Voting
在为期三天的杜马选举最后一天，莫斯科及其他多个区域遭遇了大规模乌克兰无人机袭击。莫斯科市长谢尔盖·索比亚宁称这是迄今针对首都的“最大规模敌方无人机袭击”，袭击在莫斯科郊区引发大火并升起滚滚黑烟，导致莫斯科地区3人死亡。与此同时，莫斯科一家此前曾遭打击的炼油厂设施在袭击中受损。尽管遭遇袭击，莫斯科市长表示投票工作仍按原计划推进。
On Sunday, the final day of the three-day parliamentary vote, large-scale Ukrainian drone strikes struck the capital region and other areas. Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin described the incident as the largest enemy drone attack targeting the Russian capital to date, which triggered fires and sent thick columns of black smoke rising over the city's outskirts, leaving three people dead in the Moscow region. A facility at a Moscow oil refinery that had been targeted in previous strikes was also damaged, though the mayor stated voting proceeded as planned.
在俄方控制的赫尔松地区，无人机袭击造成包括一名选举官员在内的2人死亡。俄罗斯政府官员指责乌克兰试图通过在周日发动开战以来规模最大的无人机攻势来破坏杜马选举进程。除了无人机袭击外，本次投票期间还伴随着网络攻击等安全扰动，俄方指责基辅企图以此干扰选举秩序。
In the Russian-held part of the Kherson region, regional authorities and the local election commission reported that two people were killed in drone strikes, including an election official. Russian government officials accused Ukraine of attempting to sabotage and disrupt the State Duma ballot by staging what state media termed the largest wave of drone strikes since the 2022 invasion began, alongside reported cyberattacks during the voting period.
04被占地区投票争议与国际外交动向Occupied Territory Voting Controversies and Diplomatic Moves
俄罗斯在本次杜马选举中将投票范围扩大至2022年宣布吞并的顿涅茨克、卢甘斯克、赫尔松和扎波罗热四个乌克兰地区，以及2014年控制的克里米亚半岛。乌克兰政府对此予以强烈谴责，直指在被占领土组织选举是非法行为。联合国及国际社会绝大多数国家均不承认上述被占区域属于俄罗斯领土。与此同时，彼得森国际经济研究所高级研究员埃琳娜·里巴科娃分析指出，对克里姆林宫而言，展示选举的合法性至关重要，但战后可能面临的数万参战人员重返社会、通胀高企以及经济零增长等停滞膨胀挑战，将成为更关键的考验。
Russia incorporated voters from four Ukrainian territories annexed in 2022—Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson, and Zaporizhia—as well as Crimea, seized in 2014, into its parliamentary election map. The Ukrainian government condemned the inclusion of occupied territories as illegal, while the United Nations and most countries globally do not recognize these occupied Ukrainian areas as Russian territory. Elina Ribakova, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, observed that demonstrating political legitimization remains a priority for the Kremlin, though major post-election challenges loom over the eventual return of hundreds of thousands of war participants to a domestic economy facing stagflation characterized by high inflation and zero growth.
在选举进行之际，乌克兰总统泽连斯基宣布本周将在纽约联合国大会期间与美国总统特朗普举行会晤，商讨局势降温措施以及涵盖能源安全、粮食安全和生命保护的基础安全议题。泽连斯基表示乌美团队正展开协作，准备采取严肃步骤。泽连斯基同时指出，俄军在周日晚间对乌克兰10个地区发动了袭击，其中针对扎波罗热的袭击造成住宅、大学设施和商场受损并导致5人受伤，哈尔科夫地区的无人机袭击造成1人死亡，指责俄方并未停止军事行动升级。
Against the backdrop of the vote, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced that he and U.S. President Donald Trump agreed to meet in New York on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly this week to address de-escalation ideas, energy and food security, and the protection of human life. Zelenskyy stated that the Ukrainian side is coordinating with the American team and preparing serious steps. Zelenskyy also reported that Russian strikes hit 10 regions on Sunday night, leaving residential buildings, a university facility, and a shopping center damaged with five people injured in Zaporizhzhia, alongside one fatality from a drone attack in the Kharkiv region.
