国际海事组织警告伊朗不得在霍尔木兹海峡征收通行费UN Maritime Chief Rejects Iran's Bid to Charge Tolls in Strait of Hormuz

国际海事组织负责人明确指出，伊朗单方面改变国际水道通行规则的行为缺乏法律依据。根据现行的国际海洋法准则，公海及用于国际航行的海峡应保持通行自由，而不应受到沿岸国家的随意设限或征税。多明格斯在采访中重申，任何国家都无权对这些战略水道强加费用，这种行为不仅违反了国际公约，也威胁到了全球贸易的公平性。他呼吁全球各国政府和航运公司保持一致立场，防止这种破坏国际航运秩序的行为成为先例。

The head of the IMO explicitly pointed out that Iran's unilateral attempt to alter the rules of passage for an international waterway lacks a legal basis. Under current international maritime law, high seas and straits used for international navigation must remain free for passage without arbitrary restrictions or taxation by coastal states. Dominguez reiterated during his interview that no nation has the right to impose charges on these strategic waterways, as such actions violate international conventions and threaten the fairness of global trade. He urged governments and shipping companies to maintain a unified front to prevent this disruption from setting a dangerous precedent.

在最近的外交接触中，霍尔木兹海峡的控制权与伊朗的铀库存问题并列，成为了最难解决的“钉子”问题。美国与伊朗在这些议题上的立场高度对立，导致谈判陷入僵局。美方坚持要求立即恢复海峡的完全开放，以缓解全球能源市场的压力，但伊朗方面则将海峡的通行权作为其安全保障和制裁解除谈判中的核心筹码。这种将航运自由与核问题挂钩的做法，使得外交努力变得异常复杂。

In recent diplomatic engagements, control over the Strait of Hormuz has emerged alongside Iran’s uranium stockpiles as a primary sticking point. The starkly opposing positions held by the U.S. and Iran on these issues have led to a persistent stalemate. While the U.S. insists on the immediate restoration of full access to the strait to alleviate pressure on global energy markets, Iran views control over the waterway as a central bargaining chip in negotiations regarding security guarantees and the lifting of sanctions. This linkage between maritime freedom and nuclear issues has significantly complicated diplomatic efforts.

在这一复杂的局势中，美国总统特朗普提出了一个出人意料的方案。他浮现了建立一个由华盛顿和德黑兰共同运营的“合资企业”的想法，用于管理和收取通过海峡的费用。这一提议试图通过经济利益分配来化解主权和安全方面的对立，将原本的冲突点转化为共同获利的商业模式。然而，这一想法在国际社会和航运界引发了广泛讨论，许多专家质疑其是否符合现行的国际海洋法，以及在当前高度互不信任的政治环境下是否具有实际的操作性。

Amidst this complex situation, U.S. President Donald Trump has floated an unexpected alternative. He suggested the possibility of a “joint venture” operated by both Washington and Tehran to manage and collect payments for transit through the strait. This proposal seeks to resolve sovereignty and security conflicts through the distribution of economic benefits, potentially transforming a point of friction into a shared commercial model. However, the idea has sparked widespread debate within the international community and shipping industry, with many experts questioning its compatibility with existing maritime law and its practical feasibility given the current climate of deep political mistrust.