英国绿党定性锡安主义为种族主义引争议 高层吁改革防范极端渗透UK Green Party Motion Labeling Zionism Racism Sparks Calls for Governance Reform

英格兰和威尔士绿党年会上，代表们以1022票赞成、813票反对的结果，通过了一项涉及中东政策的核心动议。该文件将锡安主义定性为支持“犹太民族国家主义政权”的意识形态，并将这一政治思潮视作与任何其他形式并无二致的种族主义，彻底颠覆了支持两国方案的传统外交立场。

At the Green Party of England and Wales annual conference, delegates passed a far-reaching Middle East policy resolution by a vote of 1,022 to 813. The approved text classifies Zionism as an ideology supporting an ethnonationalist Jewish state and treats it like any other form of racism, moving the party away from backing a conventional two-state framework.

该动议同时提出，绿党支持在包括现代以色列在内的全部历史巴勒斯坦土地上，建立一个以耶路撒冷为首都的单一民主巴勒斯坦国，赋予所有人平等权利，并落实巴勒斯坦人及其后代的回归权。然而，全党23万名注册成员中，仅有约0.4%的选票支持便促成了这一正式党纲的确立，引发外界对投票代表性与政策激进化倾向的审视。

The policy also formally endorses the establishment of a single democratic Palestinian state across all of historic Palestine, encompassing modern-day Israel, with Jerusalem designated as its capital, equal legal rights for all residents, and guaranteed rights of return for Palestinians and their descendants. Because the tally of just over 1,000 supportive votes came from roughly 0.4% of the party's 230,000 total members, the formal adoption of such a contentious stance quickly prompted internal and external scrutiny regarding democratic representation and policy shifts.

针对仅占全党极少比例的票数通过该动议，绿党下议院领袖埃莉·乔恩斯公开表示，该政策具有破坏性，暴露出党的决策架构未能有效运作。乔恩斯指出，她虽不确认党内是否存在极端主义者或种族主义者，但必须确保党的体制不被这类群体绑架。她认为这一定性不仅无法代表绝大多数党员和英国公众的看法，还分散了绿党为巴勒斯坦人争取权益的重心，党内应当保持团结，将注意力放在监督以色列政府的行径上。

Addressing the adoption of the resolution by an exceptionally small fraction of party members, Green Westminster leader Ellie Chowns stated that the damaging policy clearly demonstrates internal policymaking structures are failing to work properly. Chowns said that while she does not know whether extremists or racists are present within the party, reforms are necessary to guarantee its institutions do not become vulnerable to capture by them. She asserted that the policy does not reflect the views of most members or the British public, adding that disputes over contested concepts distract from campaigning for Palestinian rights and that the party should instead remain united in challenging the Israeli government's actions.

前党魁卡罗琳·卢卡斯在接受广播采访时则指出，绿党现行党章制定于数十年前，当时党内既无国会议员也无市长，且党员规模远小于当前水平。她直言现有机制无法防范外界通过集中注册入党来扭转党内路线的“渗透主义”风险。卢卡斯未对现任党魁波兰斯基追究责任，但呼吁推进党规机制改革，确保绿党能够成为对犹太群体友善包容的政治空间。

Appearing on a radio broadcast, former party leader Caroline Lucas highlighted that the Green constitution was drafted decades ago, long before the party secured members of parliament, mayors, or its current membership numbers. Lucas explained that these outdated regulations leave the organization unprotected against entryism, in which outside individuals join specifically to reshape its trajectory. While declining to assign blame to current leader Zack Polanski, Lucas urged internal constitutional changes to ensure the party remains a welcoming environment for Jewish people.

英格兰和威尔士绿党党魁扎克·波兰斯基因前往霍本和圣潘克拉斯选区参加议会补选竞选，缺席了年会上关于该涉以巴动议的辩论与投票，招致党内关于其放弃领导责任的指责。波兰斯基在补选以不足33%的得票率落败于工党后表示，自己支持的两项修正案主张巴勒斯坦未来国家架构应由巴勒斯坦人自主决定而非被强加单一国方案，但这些修正案均被否决，因此如果他在场，会投下反对票。他接受媒体采访时称该动议“不完善”，但认为其核心部分所指巴勒斯坦人遭遇流离失所与种族灭绝背后有种族主义意识形态支撑是显而易见的。

Green Party leader Zack Polanski faced criticism for an abdication of leadership after missing the conference debate and vote on the Middle East policy to campaign in the Holborn and St Pancras by-election. Following his defeat to Labour on Friday, in which he secured just under 33% of the vote, Polanski stated in interviews that he would have opposed the measure in person because two amendments he supported—proposing that any future Palestinian state structure should be decided by Palestinians rather than having a one-state model imposed—had been rejected. While labeling the approved motion imperfect, Polanski told broadcasters that its substantial claim asserting the displacement and genocide of Palestinians is underpinned by racist ideology was obvious.

犹太绿党主席薇薇安·利希滕斯坦在泰晤士电台批评身为犹太人的波兰斯基回避投票犯下重大错误，并要求其辞去党魁职务。然而，犹太绿党内部其他成员发表声明反驳，称利希滕斯坦的辞职要求不代表该团体内部多数意见，并已对她提出不信任动议。绿党通常每两年举行一次党魁选举，下届换届定于2027年夏季，波兰斯基明确表示无意辞职，下议院领袖乔恩斯则表示波兰斯基在动议处理上缺乏领导力令人失望，但认可其正视动议缺陷，仍具备凝聚全党的机会。

Vivien Lichtenstein, chair of the Jewish Greens, told Times Radio that Polanski, who is Jewish, made a big mistake by avoiding the vote and called on him to resign. However, other members of the Jewish Greens countered that Lichtenstein's statement did not reflect the group's majority position, confirming that a vote of no confidence had been tabled against her. The party normally holds leadership elections every two years, leaving the next vote scheduled for the summer of 2027. Polanski insisted he will remain in office, while Commons leader Ellie Chowns called his handling of the motion disappointing but noted his recognition of its flaws provides an opening to unite the party.

针对绿党大会通过的涉以巴动议，英国犹太人代表董事会与犹太领导委员会联合提出严厉批评。两大团体明确表示，锡安主义实质上是反种族主义的体现，在犹太人经历了数千年的外部迫害之后，为其在古老故土上建立避难之所。相关调查研究此前显示，尽管在2022年至2025年间自认为锡安主义者的英国犹太人比例总体呈现上升态势，但投票支持绿党的犹太选民对以色列的认同感却有所减弱。

The policy resolution approved at the Green Party conference drew severe condemnation from the Board of Deputies of British Jews and the Jewish Leadership Council. Criticizing the vote, the organizations stated that Zionism is anti-racism, providing a refuge for Jewish people in their ancient homeland following millennia of persecution outside it. Survey research conducted before the measure passed showed that while the overall proportion of British Jews identifying as Zionist increased between 2022 and 2025, Jewish voters supporting the Green Party felt their own ties to Israel had weakened.

面对外部指责，绿党发言人回应称，自扎克·波兰斯基2025年5月参选党魁以来全党成员显著增加，该涉以巴政策仅是党史上规模最大年会上审议的数十项议题之一。发言人强调，与其他政党不同，绿党赋予基层成员提出并确立政策的权力，年会上提交的每项动议均经过辩论，绝无任何单一利益团体能够主导全党政策路线。此时，英国与以色列之间的外交局势同样处在紧张状态，英国工党政府此前对被占领巴勒斯坦领土上的非法定居点实施了制裁，而以色列则试图通过关闭英国驻耶路撒冷领事馆作为反制手段。

Defending the internal system, a Green Party spokesperson noted that party membership had expanded since Zack Polanski launched his leadership campaign in May 2025, adding that the Middle East motion was just one of dozens debated at the largest conference in the party's history. The spokesperson said that unlike other parties, Green members directly introduce and formulate policy through open debate without any single interest group directing decisions. The internal controversy unfolded against a backdrop of diplomatic friction between the United Kingdom and Israel, after the Labour government imposed sanctions targeting illegal settlements in occupied Palestine and Israel responded by attempting to shut down the British consulate in Jerusalem.