普京抵达新德里出席金砖峰会 与莫迪展开双边会晤Putin Arrives in New Delhi for BRICS Summit and Modi Talks

印度外交部国务部长基尔蒂·瓦尔丹·辛格在帕拉姆空军基地迎接了普京。印度外交部发言人兰迪尔·贾伊斯瓦尔随后公开表示，印俄两国维系着以特别优先战略伙伴关系为依托的长期多领域联系。普京此前曾于2025年12月访问印度，并在本月于吉尔吉斯斯坦首都比什凯克举行的上海合作组织峰会期间同莫迪进行过会谈。

India's Minister of State for External Affairs Kirti Vardhan Singh greeted Putin upon his landing at Palam Air Force Station. Indian Ministry of External Affairs spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal stated that New Delhi and Moscow share multifaceted, longstanding ties anchored in their Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership. Putin previously traveled to India in December 2025 and conferred with Modi earlier this month at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

在9月11日下午安排的面对面会谈中，普京与莫迪计划推进防务与投资协议，并聚焦能源合作、技术研发、制药产业以及民间人文交流。在俄乌战事持续的背景下，印度因应对伊朗战事引发的能源冲击，继续将俄罗斯视为关键战略伙伴和燃料供应来源。两国领导人此次双边接触亦将为9月12日至13日在新德里巴拉特·曼达帕姆会议中心举行的多边峰会议程确定工作基调。

During their scheduled afternoon discussions on September 11, Putin and Modi aimed to pursue bilateral defence, investment, energy, technology, pharmaceutical, and people-to-people cooperation agreements. As Moscow's military campaign in Ukraine continues, India has relied on Russia as a critical strategic partner and fuel supplier to weather regional energy disruptions stemming from the conflict involving Iran. The bilateral meeting precedes formal multilateral sessions starting September 12 at the Bharat Mandapam convention center in the Indian capital.

中国外交部此前证实国家主席习近平出席新德里金砖峰会，这是习近平自2019年以来首次访问印度，也是自2020年中印边境发生致命冲突导致两国关系急剧降温以来的首次访印。在此次峰会前夕，中印高层接触已显现逐步恢复迹象，包括莫迪去年赴华出席上海合作组织峰会，以及中国外长王毅与印度国家安全顾问阿吉特·多瓦尔于8月举行会晤，就长期存在的边界争端推进谈判，并对恢复边境贸易和喜马拉雅山口朝圣等民间往来表达认可。

Beijing confirmed President Xi Jinping's attendance at the New Delhi summit, marking his first visit to India since 2019 and his first trip to the country since lethal border clashes in 2020 froze bilateral relations. The visit follows months of gradual diplomatic re-engagement, including Prime Minister Narendra Modi's trip to China for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit last year and an August meeting between Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Indian National Security Advisor Ajit Doval that achieved progress on longstanding boundary issues while advancing border trade and Himalayan pilgrimage routes.

除了高层外交互动，两国近期已逐步恢复直航航班和签证发放，新德里方面也放宽了对中国企业在印投资的限制规则。然而，中印之间长达数十年的边界争端、不断扩大的贸易逆差以及深层的地缘战略竞争，依然是制约双边关系全面改善的主要障碍。面对与第二届特朗普政府在贸易与关税问题上的摩擦，印度正通过强化与金砖国家等多边机制的互动来推进多极化平衡布局。

Beyond diplomatic channels, New Delhi and Beijing have gradually restored direct commercial flights and visa processing, alongside India easing certain regulatory restrictions on inbound Chinese investment. Despite these stabilizing measures, substantial friction persists over unresolved frontier demarcations, an expanding bilateral trade deficit, and broader regional strategic rivalry. India's pragmatic engagement with Beijing also coincides with growing tariff and trade tensions with the second Trump administration, prompting New Delhi to deepen its multi-alignment strategy across multilateral platforms.

自2024年吸纳伊朗、阿联酋和沙特阿拉伯等国后，扩员后的金砖机制在地缘政治立场上面临复杂的内部磨合。2026年2月美国与以色列对伊朗发动军事打击后，德黑兰与阿布扎比等新成员国站在了不同的利益立场，使该机制在凝聚外交共识上面临阻碍。此前在5月于新德里举行的金砖国家外长会议上，各方就未能达成一份联合声明。

Following the accession of nations including Iran, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia in 2024, the expanded BRICS grouping faces diplomatic challenges over regional security fractures. The military campaign launched by the United States and Israel against Iran in February 2026 placed Tehran and Abu Dhabi on contrasting sides of the conflict. Internal differences previously prevented the bloc's foreign ministers from agreeing on a joint statement when they met in New Delhi in May.

佩泽希齐扬作为伊朗总统八年来首次访问印度，将中东局势直接带入多边对话的核心。东道国印度在与伊朗和以色列保持良好关系的同时，持续平衡与美国的外交联系。观察机构研究人员指出，扩员机制在此次峰会期间暴露出地缘立场的分歧，成员国在乌克兰和中东战事背景下的立场差异限制了金砖在外交与安全领域采取集体行动的能力。

President Masoud Pezeshkian's attendance marks the first visit to India by an Iranian president in eight years, placing the Middle East hostilities at the center of summit discussions. Host nation India maintains cordial diplomatic ties with Iran and Israel while balancing strategic relations with Washington. Research analysts note that contrasting geopolitical positions among members in the context of the Middle East and Ukraine conflicts continue to limit the expanded bloc's capacity for collective foreign policy and security actions.

在9月11日举行的金砖国家商业论坛开幕式上，印度商工部长皮尤什·戈亚尔呼吁成员国推进相互之间的支付系统联通，扩大以各自本国货币结算贸易的规模，并提升数字贸易的全球可及性。戈亚尔以已被11个国家接纳的印度统一支付接口（UPI）为例，提议以此类数字支付生态系统为基础，深化金砖经济体之间的跨境金融与新兴技术合作。

Addressing the opening ceremony of the BRICS Business Forum on September 11, Indian Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal called on member states to integrate their payment networks, expand trade settlements in domestic currencies, and broaden global access to digital commerce. Pointing to India's Unified Payments Interface (UPI)—which has been adopted across 11 nations—Goyal proposed using established digital payment ecosystems as a foundation for deeper cross-border financial transactions and collaboration on emerging technologies across BRICS economies.

除了推进支付和本币结算机制外，金砖机制亦被研究学者视作全球南方国家在传统西方主导机构之外开拓发展空间的关键途径。多边研究学者指出，金砖国家通过不附加政治条件的援助与直接央行货币互换等务实安排，为成员国间及广大新兴经济体创造了更多经贸交换机会。尽管美元仍占据主导地位，但金砖平台为成员国提供了增强议价能力与分散地缘经济依赖的渠道。

Beyond payment and currency integration, scholars view the BRICS framework as a critical platform enabling Global South countries to pursue economic growth and development outside traditional Western-led multilateral institutions. Academic researchers note that pragmatic mechanisms, such as development assistance without political conditionalities and bilateral central bank currency swaps, have expanded trade flows across member states and the broader developing world. While the US dollar retains its dominant global position, the grouping provides participants with alternative economic avenues to enhance bargaining leverage and mitigate external vulnerabilities.