跨国调查揭美驱逐逾2.5万人至第三国Probe Reveals US Deported Over 25,000 Migrants to Third Countries

这项名为“驱逐计划”（The Deportation Project）的跨国调查由新闻网络“禁忌故事”（Forbidden Stories）发起并协调，组织了来自15个国家、26家媒体机构的72名记者，其中包括《卫报》、法国24台与法国国际广播电台（RFI）。调查团队耗时六至七个月，调阅官方文件、非政府组织记录及公开数据，收集了100多份目击证词，并对33名直接遭驱逐的移民进行了深度访谈，重点追踪自2025年1月特朗普政府重返执政以来的第三国遣送运作。

The cross-border investigation, titled "The Deportation Project," was organized and coordinated by the journalist network Forbidden Stories, bringing together 72 reporters from 26 media organizations across 15 countries, including The Guardian, France 24, and RFI. Over a period of six to seven months, the reporting consortium reviewed government and flight documents, cross-checked open-source data and NGO records, gathered more than 100 eyewitness accounts, and conducted interviews with 33 deported migrants to trace the mechanics of third-country expulsions since the Trump administration assumed office in January 2025.

调查统计数据显示，在此期间美国已将超过25,000人送往非其原籍国的地区。其中绝大多数约20,000人被驱逐至墨西哥；而在全球其他地区，截至2026年8月31日，至少有5,447人被遣送航班运往完全陌生的目的地。报道记录到，来自秘鲁和哥伦比亚的人员被送往刚果民主共和国，2026年8月20日还有四名古巴人、一名巴西人和一名喀麦隆人在利比里亚拒绝下机后被转送至赤道几内亚。

Data compiled by the consortium indicates that more than 25,000 individuals have been deported to third countries where they frequently have no ties. A large majority of approximately 20,000 people were sent to Mexico, while at least 5,447 people were placed on deportation flights across the globe by August 31, 2026. The investigation documented specific removal routes, such as individuals from Peru and Colombia being sent to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as an August 20, 2026 incident where four Cubans, a Brazilian, and a Cameroonian who refused to disembark in Liberia were transferred to Equatorial Guinea.

调查指出，特朗普政府为了绕开防止移民被遣返至原籍国受迫害的法律保护措施，与全球35个国家达成了接收被驱逐人员的双边协议。在这些协议中，有12份是与非洲国家签署的，目的地包括加纳、喀麦隆、斯威士兰等国。各接收国在协议中获得的具体回报目前在很大程度上仍不明朗，相关磋商过程在秘密状态下进行。

According to the investigation, the Trump administration struck bilateral agreements with 35 destination countries worldwide to bypass legal protections that prevented migrants from being returned to their home nations due to persecution risks. Among these arrangements, 12 were signed with African governments, including Ghana, Cameroon, and Eswatini. What host countries received in return remains largely opaque, as the diplomatic negotiations leading up to the accords were conducted under secrecy.

调查披露了美方在推动非洲国家达成遣送安排时采用的交涉机制。为了促使非洲国家同意接收被美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）扣押的人员，华盛顿方面动用了政治与财政谈判、低调讨价还价，以及贸易和关税激励措施施加压力，从而将无证移民的遣送网络扩展至远离美国及移民原籍地的非洲多国。

The findings outline the operational mechanisms used by Washington to secure these third-country pacts across the African continent. To persuade foreign governments to accept undocumented migrants detained by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), US officials leveraged political and financial bargaining, discreet negotiations, and trade and tariff incentives, effectively extending the administration's deportation apparatus to distant third nations where deportees held no prior ties.

调查记录了多名被遣送个体的具体经历。塞拉利昂籍护士拉比亚图·库亚特（Rabbiatu Kuyateh）在20世纪90年代因内战逃离家园，在美国生活了30多年并组建家庭，持有可续签工作许可并持续纳税。2025年7月初，她在马里兰州巴尔的摩参加美国移民和海关执法局的例行面谈时被拘留，被关押四个月后被告知将被驱逐至距离其原籍国1000多公里的加纳，而此前她从未到过该国。

The investigation documented individual cases illustrating the human impact of the removals. Rabbiatu Kuyateh, a nurse from Sierra Leone who fled civil war in the 1990s, had lived in the United States for over 30 years, raised a family, held renewable work permits, and paid taxes. In early July 2025, she was detained during a routine ICE appointment in Baltimore, Maryland, and spent four months in custody before learning she was being deported to Ghana, a country more than 1,000 kilometers from her homeland that she had only ever seen on a map.

另一名来自埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区的年轻女性芭芭拉（Barbara，化名）因冲突逃往美国并向边境执法人员自首，随后被法官裁定授予“暂缓递解出境”保护，以防止其被送回面临迫害的原籍国。然而在2026年4月，她在未获预先通知的情况下被美方驱逐至喀麦隆首都雅温得。她与其他20余人被安置在由政府大院改建的临时庇护所内，面临语言不通、无亲属、无合法身份且缺乏经济来源的生活困境。

In another documented case, an Ethiopian woman identified as Barbara fled the Tigray conflict and reached the US border, where an immigration judge granted her withholding of removal protection against persecution in her home country. Despite that legal safeguard, US authorities deported her without notice in April 2026 to Cameroon. She was housed alongside roughly 20 other deportees in a makeshift government shelter in the capital of Yaoundé, left stranded without family, income, legal status, or proficiency in the local language.

针对特朗普政府推行的第三国驱逐安排，美国司法系统作出了明确裁决。由三名法官组成的美国联邦上诉法院合议庭在周五一致裁定，特朗普政府的第三国遣送政策属于违法行为，认定其实施过程违反正当法律程序。不过，裁决赋予了美国政府90天的上诉期限，美方预计将对该判决提起上诉，这意味着相关遣送政策的最终法律效力仍面临后续法庭博弈。

The judicial system has challenged the legal foundation of the administration's third-country deportation arrangements. On Friday, a three-judge panel of a US federal appeals court unanimously ruled that the Trump administration's third-country removals policy was unlawful, finding that it violated constitutional due process protections. However, the ruling granted the US government a 90-day window to appeal the decision, a step the administration is expected to take as legal proceedings continue.

人权律师对该项政策提出了严厉批评，指出此类将移民遣往非原籍第三国的安排是美国政府进行的“武力示威”（show of force），其根本目的在于威吓并阻止移民与庇护申请者入境美国。尽管上诉法院已判定政策程序违法，但随着联邦政府启动上诉程序，这一涉及多国双边协议与数万名被驱逐者命运的法律争议将继续在联邦法院系统中审理。

Human rights lawyers have criticized the relocation strategy, describing these third-country national arrangements as part of a deliberate show of force by the United States designed to discourage migrants and asylum seekers from attempting to enter the country. Although the federal appeals panel ruled against the policy's procedural legality, the pending government appeal leaves the ultimate fate of the controversial bilateral removal pacts and thousands of affected deportees before the courts.