北约安卡拉峰会开幕，欧洲盟友拟宣布数十亿美元军事合同应对特朗普施压NATO Summit Opens in Ankara as Allies Prepare Billions in Military Contracts Amid Trump Pressure

北约32个成员国的领导人于7月7日至8日在土耳其首都安卡拉举行两天的峰会。随着美国总统特朗普在前往峰会途中再次就国防开支向盟友施加压力，此次峰会在盟友关系面临考验的氛围中拉开帷幕。特朗普对北约的批评不断增加，并威胁要进一步减少美国对该联盟的支持，这给这个拥有77年历史的军事联盟带来了巨大压力。

Leaders of NATO's 32 member states are convening in the Turkish capital of Ankara on Tuesday and Wednesday, July 7-8, for a two-day summit. The meeting opens under significant strain as US President Donald Trump, while en route to Turkey, renews his pressure on alliance members over their defense spending. Trump's growing criticism of NATO and his threats to further reduce US support are placing immense pressure on the 77-year-old alliance as world leaders gather.

作为对特朗普施压的直接回应，欧洲国家预计将在峰会期间宣布价值数十亿美元的新军事合同，以展示其分担防务军费的决心。北约秘书长马克·吕特此前表示，此次峰会的任务是将盟国的承诺转化为具体成果。分析人士指出，如果北约能在分担军事开支负担方面取得进展，将是本次会议取得积极成果的重要标志。

In response to the mounting pressure from Washington, European nations are prepared to announce billions of dollars in record new military contracts during the summit to demonstrate their commitment to burden-sharing. NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte previously noted that the primary task ahead for the alliance at this summit is to turn these member commitments into concrete results. Observers suggest that making tangible headway on sharing the military spending burden will be a key indicator of a successful gathering.

在本次峰会召开前，北约盟国于去年达成了一项重要协议，同意提高其国防开支目标。根据该协议，成员国承诺到2035年将国防开支提高至其国内生产总值（GDP）的5%。在这一总体目标中，3.5%将直接用于军事支出，而其余的1.5%则将分配给安全相关的需求。这一决定旨在应对日益严峻的地缘安全环境，并缓解美国对欧洲盟友防务贡献不足的长期不满。

At last year's NATO summit, member states reached a landmark agreement to significantly increase their defense spending targets. Under this framework, allies committed to raising their total defense-related expenditures to 5 percent of their national GDP by the year 2035. This target is divided into two distinct categories, with 3.5 percent of GDP dedicated specifically to military spending and the remaining 1.5 percent allocated to broader security-related needs.

面对美国总统特朗普对盟友未足额支付份额的严厉批评，部分欧洲官员对当前的开支进展表达了积极态度。德国外交部长约翰·瓦德普尔在接受德国广播电台采访时表示，国防开支正在朝着正确的方向发展。他指出，从目前的数据来看，各项开支指标都呈现出明确的上升趋势。这一表态表明，尽管面临外部压力，北约内部在落实去年达成的军费增长目标方面已在逐步取得进展。

Despite intense criticism from US President Donald Trump regarding allies not paying their fair share, European officials are highlighting positive momentum in their budgets. German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul stated that defense spending is heading in the right direction. Speaking to Germany's Deutschlandfunk radio, Wadephul noted that officials are looking at the spending numbers and they are pointing up, signaling that member nations are actively working to meet their long-term commitments.

在本次安卡拉峰会期间，美国与东道国土耳其之间的军事合作关系可能迎来重要转机。据两名美国官员透露，美国总统特朗普预计将在峰会上释放政策转变的信号，表明他愿意向土耳其出售F-35战斗机。这一举动如果得以实施，将彻底逆转特朗普在其第一任期内对土耳其施加的武器禁令。

During the Ankara summit, military cooperation between the United States and the host nation, Turkey, may witness a significant shift. According to two US officials, President Donald Trump is expected to signal his willingness to sell F-35 fighter jets to Turkey. This potential move would mark a major policy reversal from his previous administration.

此前，由于土耳其购买俄罗斯防空系统等原因，特朗普在首个总统任期内对土耳其购买F-35战斗机实施了禁令，该禁令随后已被美国国会正式立法通过。尽管该禁令目前已具有法律效力，但美国官员透露的最新动向表明，特朗普政府正试图在峰会这一关键外交场合重新评估并调整对土耳其的战机出口政策。

The anticipated announcement would overturn a ban on F-35 sales to Turkey that Trump himself implemented during his first presidential term. Although that restriction has since been formally ratified into law, the current discussions at the summit suggest that the US administration is prepared to revisit the fighter jet deal with its NATO ally.

乌克兰总统泽连斯基此次出席安卡拉峰会，旨在向盟友寻求紧急防空系统支持。近期，俄罗斯导弹在不到一周的时间内两次袭击乌克兰首都基辅，击中多栋公寓楼并导致50多名平民死亡。面对不断升级的袭击，泽连斯基迫切需要盟国交付防空装备以保护国家安全。与此同时，乌克兰也加强了针对俄罗斯境内石油精炼厂和军事目标的远程无人机袭击，导致俄罗斯出现严重的燃料短缺和停电。莫斯科市长谢尔盖·索比亚宁表示，防空系统在夜间拦截了乌克兰向莫斯科发射的430架无人机中的大部分，但具体损失尚不清楚。

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy is attending the Ankara summit with a primary focus on securing urgent air defense systems from allies. This appeal follows intense Russian missile strikes that rained down on Kyiv twice in less than a week, hitting residential apartment blocks and killing more than 50 civilians. The devastating attacks have heightened the urgency for defensive hardware. Meanwhile, Ukraine has escalated its own long-range drone strikes against Russian oil refineries and military targets, causing significant fuel shortages and power cuts. Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin reported that air defenses intercepted most of the 430 Ukrainian drones launched toward the Russian capital overnight, though the full extent of the damage remains unclear.

在峰会期间，泽连斯基还计划与美国总统特朗普举行一次关键会面。泽连斯基希望借此机会向特朗普阐明，俄罗斯的袭击表现出的是其虚弱而非强大，并计划推动对俄罗斯总统普京施加压力，以达成一项“体面”的和平谈判。尽管特朗普在就职前曾誓言要在24小时内结束俄乌冲突，但其政府此后尚未找到实现和平的具体路径，这使得此次双边会晤备受瞩目。

The summit also provides Zelenskyy with an opportunity for a crucial meeting with US President Donald Trump. Zelenskyy plans to argue that Russia's brutal strikes are a sign of weakness rather than strength, urging Trump to help pressure Vladimir Putin into negotiations for a dignified peace. Although Trump vowed during his campaign to end the war within 24 hours of taking office, his administration has not yet established a clear path to peace, making this upcoming face-to-face discussion highly significant for both leaders.

除了军费开支和乌克兰防空支持等核心议题外，安卡拉峰会还面临着一系列复杂的其他地缘安全挑战。俄罗斯在乌克兰持续进行的军事行动依然是威胁欧洲稳定的主要因素。同时，根据美国高级官员的说法，特朗普政府预计霍尔木兹海峡的安全局势也将成为北约领导人讨论的关键议题之一，这反映出中东紧张局势对该军事联盟外围安全构成的潜在威胁。

Beyond the core debates over defense budgets and immediate military aid for Ukraine, the Ankara summit is forced to confront a series of other complex geopolitical security challenges. Russia's ongoing military aggression in Ukraine remains a primary threat to European stability. Additionally, according to a senior US official, the Trump administration expects security in the Strait of Hormuz to be among the key topics discussed by NATO leaders, reflecting the potential threats that Middle Eastern tensions pose to the alliance's peripheral security.

此外，本次峰会还笼罩在一些历史争议的阴影下。这些争议包括围绕美国此前对伊朗发动战争的讨论，以及美国此前试图接管北约成员国丹麦领土格陵兰岛所引发的持续争议。布鲁金斯学会的迈克尔·欧汉隆指出，在本次峰会上有很多可能出现分歧的议题。这些错综复杂的地缘政治矛盾，使得北约在协调内部立场和应对外部安全威胁时面临更加严峻的考验。

Furthermore, the gathering is shadowed by lingering controversies surrounding past US actions. These include disputes over the United States' war against Iran, as well as prior American attempts to take over Greenland, which is a territory of NATO member Denmark. Michael O'Hanlon of the Brookings Institution noted that there are many issues where the summit could go wrong, highlighting the intricate geopolitical frictions that NATO leaders must navigate as they attempt to project unity.