印度爆发抗议要求选举长官辞职 警方拘留逾700人Indian Protesters Demand Election Chief Resign as Police Detain Over 700

在首都新德里，数百名警察和准军事人员封锁了简塔·曼塔天文台周边区域，通过高音喇叭反复发出驱散警告，并在示威者抵达时将其带上警用大巴。德里警方未向集会活动发放许可，并依据第163条禁令限制呼喊口号与发表演讲等抗议行为。据印度报业托拉斯与当地媒体报道，被拘留者已超过700人，其中包括德里前首席部长阿蒂希·马尔莱纳（Atishi Marlena）、平民党成员以及多个学生团体的代表。

In central New Delhi, hundreds of police and paramilitary personnel barricaded the demonstration site around the Jantar Mantar observatory, repeatedly issuing dispersal warnings over loudspeakers and ushering arriving demonstrators into buses. Delhi Police had declined to grant permission for the gathering, enforcing Section 163 prohibitory orders that restricted speechmaking, sloganeering, and assemblies. According to the Press Trust of India and local reports, security forces detained more than 700 people, among them former Delhi Chief Minister Atishi Marlena, Aam Aadmi Party officials, and student union representatives.

除首都外，抗议活动也蔓延至孟买。在希瓦吉公园，大批警力在现场巡逻并设立了禁停区，集会人群逐步聚集。示威组织者此前已向政府发出通牒，若选举专员不离职将发起全国范围的抗议，而警方则通过封锁核心交通网络和限制现场聚集全力遏制示威扩大。

Protests also spread to Mumbai, where crowds gathered at Shivaji Park as heavy police deployments patrolled the area and established a designated no-parking perimeter. Organizers had warned authorities that they would expand demonstrations across the country unless the election commissioner stepped down, while security agencies focused on sealing major transport access points and breaking up street gatherings to contain the unrest.

抗议浪潮的核心指向去年启动的全国选民核查与名册修订工作。反对党与示威团体指控，修订程序中存在违规操作，导致数百万合资格选民从选民名册中被除名，并指称相关变动有利于莫迪领导的执政党印度人民党。对此，印度国大党进一步要求莫迪及内政部长阿米特·沙阿（Amit Shah）辞职，称其已失去继续任职的道德权力。

At the center of the dispute is a nationwide voter-verification exercise initiated last year, which critics and opposition groups allege improperly purged millions of eligible voters from electoral rolls. Demonstrators and opposition leaders contend that these voter list alterations disproportionately benefit Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party. The main opposition Congress Party expanded its political demands in response, calling for the resignations of Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah alongside the election chief, asserting that top officials lack the moral right to remain in office.

《印度表达报》上月的调查报道显示，首席选举专员吉亚内什·库马尔在修订名册、选民登记程序及数字化系统期间，绕过了另外两名选举专员苏克比尔·辛格·桑杜（Sukhbir Singh Sandhu）和维韦克·乔希（Vivek Joshi）。这两位专员在过去10个月内至少14次正式对选民增加与删除等环节提出异议。选举委员会对此否认存在内部危机，回应称名册变动经全体专员核准，目的是剔除重复、已故或不合格选民，并表示审议过程中出现不同意见属于常规现象。

The controversy escalated following an Indian Express investigation reporting that Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar bypassed fellow commissioners Sukhbir Singh Sandhu and Vivek Joshi during the revisions to voter registers, enrollment procedures, and digital systems. According to the report, the two commissioners formally lodged objections at least 14 times over a 10-month span regarding the addition and deletion of voters. The Election Commission rejected claims of internal turmoil, stating that all three commissioners approved the final adjustments, diverse viewpoints are routine during internal deliberations, and the process strictly aimed to remove duplicate, deceased, and ineligible entries.

“蟑螂运动”源自今年5月印度首席大法官苏里亚·坎特（Surya Kant）在谈及伪造学位问题时使用“蟑螂”一词引发的争议。尽管坎特随后澄清该表述并非针对印度年轻人，但这一标签在社交网络上迅速发酵，成为青年群体表达就业困难和对教育体系不满的象征。今年6月和7月，数千名学生与青年走上新德里等多地街头，抗议医学院入学考试泄题等一系列制度违规问题。持续数周的集会最终促使教育部长达门德拉·普拉丹（Dharmendra Pradhan）于7月25日辞职，为该青年团体赢得了关键的抗议成果。

The 'cockroach movement' emerged in May after Chief Justice Surya Kant referred to individuals with fake degrees as 'cockroaches.' Although Kant later clarified that the remark was not directed at Indian youth, the label rapidly gained traction on social media as young citizens turned it into a symbol of protest over unemployment and systemic educational grievances. In June and July, thousands of students joined demonstrations across New Delhi and other major cities to protest a medical entrance examination leak and other testing irregularities. Following weeks of sustained street actions, Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan stepped down on July 25, marking a notable milestone for the youth-led group.

在本次围绕选举委员会的争议中，反对党INDIA联盟的多位成员公开支持CJP的诉求，试图借由青年运动的声势扩大对执政党的施压。尽管部分反对党积极配合集会，但CJP始终对外坚称自身为非政党性质的独立组织。独立政治评论员哈什·拉马斯瓦米（Harsh Ramaswamy）指出，学生团体的成功为反对阵营争取民意支持提供了动力，但要将这种联合转化为迫使印度人民党做出实质妥协的政治筹码仍面临阻碍，且政府不太可能在数周内同意选举长官辞职的要求。

During the latest dispute involving the Election Commission, members of the opposition INDIA alliance aligned themselves with the CJP's demands, seeking to channel student momentum against the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party. While multiple opposition parties backed the protests, the CJP maintained that it remains an independent entity outside the formal opposition alliance. Independent political commentator Harsh Ramaswamy observed that while the movement's traction helps the opposition connect with public sentiment, translating youth demonstrations into political leverage capable of forcing concessions from the government remains challenging, adding that authorities are unlikely to concede to Kumar's resignation.

示威组织方正在谋划更广泛的抗议行动。蟑螂人民党召集人绍拉夫·达斯（Saurav Das）表示，该组织计划在未来几天将示威活动扩大至全国范围，并誓言将持续抗争直至首席选举专员吉亚内什·库马尔辞职。与此同时，以印度国民大会党为首的反对党联盟也已做好动员准备，计划自下周二起在全国多地发起要求库马尔离职的系列集会。

Organizers are preparing to intensify their campaign in the coming days. Cockroach Janta Party convener Saurav Das stated that the group intends to expand demonstrations nationwide, declaring that street actions will continue until Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar resigns. Parallel to youth-led efforts, opposition parties led by the Indian National Congress plan to launch coordinated demonstrations across multiple regions starting next Tuesday to demand Kumar's immediate exit.

面对选民名册引发的争议，印度选举委员会于10月1日下达指令，要求全国20个邦及联邦属地启动特别补录程序，为此前在名册修订中被遗漏的选民重新办理登记。然而，政治观察人士对政府是否会做出实质性让步持保留态度。分析指出，选民补录等技术性调整难以完全平息争议，而新德里方面预计不会在短时间内接受反对派及青年群体关于撤换选举事务最高长官的要求。

In response to the dispute over missing names, the Election Commission of India issued an order on October 1 directing 20 states and union territories to conduct a special enrollment drive for eligible voters left out during the recent electoral roll revisions. However, political analysts remain skeptical about the likelihood of major concessions from the central administration. Observers note that while technical remedies like supplementary registrations are underway, authorities in New Delhi are unlikely to yield to opposition and youth demands for the election chief's dismissal.