印度反对党议员游行抗议选民审查遭警方短暂拘押Indian Opposition Lawmakers Briefly Detained During Election Protest March

周二在新德里举行的抗议活动中，反对党议员手持标语牌、挥舞印度国旗并高呼反对首席选举专员贾内什·库马尔的口号，从议会大厦出发穿过市中心，向大约1公里外的选举委员会总部游行。部分示威者在标语中指控执政的印度人民党剥夺民众投票权，并静坐于选举委员会办公楼外的道路上要求同库马尔直接会面。

During Tuesday's demonstration in New Delhi, opposition lawmakers marched roughly one kilometer from parliament through the city center toward the Election Commission headquarters, carrying placards, waving the national flag, and shouting slogans demanding the resignation of Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar. Some demonstrators carried signs accusing the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party of stripping away voting rights and staged a sit-in on the roadway outside the commission's offices, demanding a direct meeting with Kumar.

包括国大党领袖拉胡尔·甘地及其妹妹普里扬卡·甘地在内的多名反对派人物站在警方的警戒防暴隔离栏上呼吁库马尔辞职。数百名身着防暴装备、手持警棍的安全人员随即上前阻止游行队伍进入选举委员会。由于前方通道受阻，甘地兄妹曾试图借道隔壁的国家广播电台大院进入，并在院内一棵树下静坐抗议，随后与其他试图突破防线的多名议员一同被警方短暂扣押并迅速获释。

Congress party leader Rahul Gandhi and his sister Priyanka Gandhi stood atop police barricades at the site to call for Kumar to step down, while hundreds of security personnel in riot gear and armed with batons formed lines to block the lawmakers from entering the compound. After their path was blocked, the Gandhi siblings sought access through the adjoining grounds of the state radio office and held a sit-in protest beneath a tree before police briefly detained and later released them alongside several other lawmakers who attempted to breach the barricades.

这项被称为“特别强化审查”（SIR）的选民名单更新程序始于去年地方选举前的比哈尔邦，随后逐步推行至印度多数邦和联邦属地。根据该程序要求，选民必须提供有效证明文件以确认继续保留登记资格。反对党与批评人士指出，相关审查要求的文件复杂且难以获取，尤其是缺乏早期官方记录的贫困人口与其他弱势群体极易被排除在外。选举委员会公布的数据显示，部分地区的选民名单可能因此缩减多达30%。

The dispute centers on the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) voter roll update, which began last year in Bihar ahead of state assembly elections and has since expanded to most states and federally administered territories across India. Under this exercise, registered voters are required to produce official documentation proving their ongoing eligibility. Opposition leaders and civil society organizations argue that these documentary requirements are confusing and difficult to fulfill, especially for poorer residents and vulnerable communities who lack older government records. Election Commission data indicates that electoral lists could shrink by as much as 30 percent in certain regions under the process.

反对党指控选举委员会的修订机制具有倾向性，意在剔除可能支持反对派的选民，同时保留或增加倾向于执政党的选民。今年早些时候，西孟加拉邦在地方选举前推行的名单修订删除了约900万个登记，占该邦选民总数的约12%，导致数百万选民无法投票，印度人民党随后在该邦赢得了选举。反对派阵营与公民团体据此指责该审查削弱了选举公平性，并助长了执政党的政治优势。

Opposition parties accuse the commission of implementing the revisions to systematically purge individuals more likely to support rival factions while safeguarding voters who favor Prime Minister Narendra Modi's party. Critics point to state elections in West Bengal earlier this year, where a voter list revision removed approximately 9 million names—representing roughly 12 percent of the electorate—leaving millions of eligible citizens unable to cast ballots before the BJP won the state for the first time.

面对反对派阵营的指控，印度选举委员会与执政的印度人民党均予以否认，坚称选民名单审查不存在任何政治动机。选举委员会表示，推行特别强化审查是为了剔除重复登记、已故人员以及不合规的记录，从而维护选民名单的准确性与选举的整体公正性。上周五，该委员会还专门向各地官员发出指示，要求主动将因疏忽而遗漏的合格选民重新补录进登记名单中。

The Election Commission of India and the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party reject all allegations of political bias, asserting that the Special Intensive Revision carries no partisan motive. Election officials maintain that the nationwide exercise is strictly designed to cleanse electoral rolls by eliminating duplicate, deceased, and ineligible entries to safeguard overall election integrity. Addressing concerns over accidental disenfranchisement, the commission instructed election officers on Friday to actively register any eligible voters who were inadvertently omitted from the updated rolls during the process.

执政的印度人民党同样为选民名单更新程序辩护，称这一更新旨在清除名单中的“渗透者”。在周二抗议活动举行前，印度人民党发言人萨姆比特·帕特拉向媒体表示，国大党领导层在经历多次政治失败后，正试图在国家内部制造混乱并对国家机构发起攻击。首席选举专员贾内什·库马尔本人尚未对此事发表公开评论，但选举委员会重申其独立宪法机构的地位，强调各方应通过既有规则解决分歧。

The BJP has also defended the voter list revision, asserting that the rolls are being updated to eliminate what the party describes as "infiltrators." Prior to Tuesday's march, BJP spokesperson Sambit Patra criticized the demonstration to reporters, saying that Congress party leaders, after failing multiple times, had decided to establish anarchy in the country and attack institutions. While Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar has not personally commented on the allegations, the commission reaffirmed its mandate as an independent constitutional body overseeing fair elections.

根据印度法律规定，选举委员会推行决策变动须获得三名委员中的多数同意。9月，《印度快报》报道称，该机构三名委员中有两名曾对涉及选民名单修订、登记程序以及委员会数字系统的多项决策提出正式反对，但均被首席选举专员贾内什·库马尔驳回。针对该报道，选举委员会回应称，相关讨论仅体现了内部在审议过程中的“不同观点与研讨”，而非正式的书面反对意见。媒体报道披露的内部意见分歧，进一步引发了外界对由莫迪政府任命的选举机构负责人的中立性质疑。

Under Indian law, procedural changes within the Election Commission require a majority vote among its three members, heightening the significance of internal deliberations. In September, The Indian Express newspaper reported that two of the three election commissioners had formally objected to multiple decisions involving voter roll revisions, voter registration procedures, and the commission's digital infrastructure. The newspaper reported that Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar rejected those objections. The Election Commission maintained that the report reflected differing views and deliberations during internal discussions rather than formal written objections, though the disclosure fueled broader questions regarding the neutrality of the commission led by a government appointee.

在多方要求对选举名单修订启动调查的呼声中，印度最高法院于周一同意受理针对选举机构选民名单登记审查行动及库马尔个人行为的司法介入请愿。在请愿人指控选举机构存在偏见后，最高法院在听证会上表示，如果发现存在违法的决定，法院将依法处理。青年运动群体、反对党派与公民社会团体继续呼吁撤换库马尔，并要求就选民名单修订展开全面调查。

Amid growing calls for an inquiry into the voter rolls update, India's Supreme Court agreed on Monday to hear petitions seeking judicial intervention regarding accusations against the poll body's voter drive and the conduct of its chief. During the hearing, after petitioners accused the commission of partisan bias, the court stated that if decisions were taken against the law, it would address them. Meanwhile, youth activists, opposition parties, and civil society groups continue to press for Kumar's resignation or removal.