美国众议院通过《21世纪住房之路法案》并送交特朗普签署House Passes 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act, Sending It to Trump

美国国会众议院于周二以358票对32票的压倒性多数通过了《21世纪住房之路法案》。在此前一天的周一晚上，参议院已率先以85票对5票的绝对优势批准了该法案。在众议院投票通过后，众议院共和党领导层迅速推进了后续流程，将该法案正式送交总统唐纳德·特朗普签署。

The U.S. House of Representatives voted 358-32 on Tuesday to pass the 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act, fast-tracking the legislation after it cleared the Senate on Monday night by an overwhelming bipartisan vote of 85-5. Following the House passage, the major housing affordability package was officially sent to President Donald Trump's desk for his signature.

根据众议院议长迈克·约翰逊办公室公布的日程安排，特朗普总统对该法案持支持态度，并计划于周三在国会大厦正式签署该法案。签署仪式结束后，特朗普总统还将在国会大厦与参议院共和党人举行计划中的会面。众议长约翰逊在投票后发表声明表示，该法案将为长期被拒之门外的美国普通家庭铺平回归住房所有权的道路。

President Trump is supportive of the legislation and is scheduled to sign it into law at the Capitol on Wednesday, according to an announcement from House Speaker Mike Johnson's office. The signing ceremony is set to take place ahead of a planned meeting between the president and Senate Republicans at the Capitol. Speaker Johnson stated after the vote that the passage of this legislation paves a path back to homeownership for American families who have been locked out of the market for too long.

《21世纪住房之路法案》的核心旨在通过多管齐下的方式解决住房供应不足和成本高企的问题。该法案授权提供赠款资金并设立试点项目，以直接支持新住宅的建设。为了加快建设进程，法案还规定简化环境和监管审查程序，减少繁琐的行政审批手续，并赋予地方政府加快住房项目审批的权力，从而降低开发商面临的制度性障碍。

The core of the 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act focuses on a multi-pronged approach to address the housing supply shortage and lower costs. The legislation authorizes grant funding and pilot programs specifically designed to build new homes. To accelerate the construction process, the bill streamlines environmental and regulatory reviews, removes bureaucratic red tape, and empowers local governments to expedite their review processes, thereby reducing the institutional barriers that developers face.

除了推动新房建设外，该法案还包含一项名为“房子是给人住的，不是给公司的”关键条款，旨在遏制大型机构投资者在住宅市场中的投机行为。根据该条款，任何大型机构投资者购买单户住宅的数量将被严格限制在350套以内。这一限制旨在防止企业资本过度囤积房源，从而为普通购房者留出更多的市场空间，帮助年轻家庭和工薪家庭重新获得购房机会。

In addition to boosting new construction, the bill features a key section titled 'Homes Are For People, Not Corporations' to curb speculative buying by large institutional investors in the residential market. Under this provision, the legislation caps the number of single-family homes any large institutional investor can purchase at 350. This restriction is designed to prevent corporate buyers from crowding out individual homebuyers, helping to bring the goal of homeownership back within reach for young and working families.

该法案在国会曾因众议院和参议院之间的分歧而搁置数月。直到上周，两院关键委员会的领导人达成妥协，才最终实现了立法突破。这一跨党派合作由参议院银行委员会的共和党人蒂姆·斯科特与民主党人伊丽莎白·沃伦，以及众议院金融服务委员会主席、共和党人法兰奇·希尔与该委员会民主党高层麦克辛·沃特斯共同促成。希尔在众议院发言中表示，该法案体现了两院的共同智慧，展示了国会专注于解决民生问题时所能取得的成果。

The legislation had stalled for months due to disputes between the House and the Senate, but a breakthrough was achieved last week when key committee leaders from both chambers struck a deal. The compromise was spearheaded by the Senate Banking Committee's top Republican, Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina, and top Democrat, Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts, alongside the House Financial Services Committee's Republican Chairman, Representative French Hill of Arkansas, and ranking Democrat, Representative Maxine Waters of California. Representative Hill noted on the House floor that the final product reflects ideas from both chambers and demonstrates what can be accomplished when Congress focuses on solving problems.

在2026年中期选举临近的背景下，降低住房成本已成为选民高度关注的核心议题。由于共和党目前在众议院和参议院均仅占微弱多数，两党议员都急于利用这项法案进行竞选宣传。对于在特朗普第二任期内深陷僵局的国会而言，这不仅是一次罕见的跨党派立法成就，也为控制国会两院的共和党人提供了一场急需的政治胜利，使他们能够向选民展示在应对高昂生活成本方面所做出的努力。

With the 2026 midterm elections approaching, housing affordability has become a top-of-mind issue for voters, prompting lawmakers from both parties to eagerly campaign on the newly passed legislation. For a largely gridlocked Congress in President Trump's second term, the bill represents a rare bipartisan achievement. It also delivers a much-needed legislative victory to Republicans, who are currently defending narrow majorities in both the House and the Senate, by allowing them to address the politically potent issue of lowering costs.

尽管《21世纪住房之路法案》在众议院获得了高票通过，但该法案在周二的投票中依然遭遇了来自部分保守派强硬议员的阻力。这些议员明确表示反对该住房法案，其核心原因在于该法案未能纳入一项极具争议的选举法案——《保护美国选民法案》（SAVE America Act）。该选民身份验证法案要求选民在投票站出示身份证件，并在注册登记选举时提供公民身份证明。尽管特朗普总统此前一直敦促国会批准该项选民身份验证法案，但由于支持票数不足，该法案最终未能与此次通过的住房法案捆绑。

Despite the overwhelming support that carried the 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act through the House, the legislation faced notable headwinds on Tuesday from some conservative hardliners. These lawmakers declared their opposition to the housing package because it did not incorporate a controversial election bill known as the SAVE America Act. The excluded voter-ID measure would require individuals to present identification at the ballot box and provide proof of citizenship to register for elections. Although President Trump had been actively urging Congress to approve the voter-ID bill, it lacked the necessary votes to pass, leading to its exclusion from the final housing package.

与此同时，住宅建筑商也对这一里程碑式的住房法案表达了保留意见。尽管国会两党对该法案寄予厚望，期望其能通过简化审查和减少监管来重振住房市场，但部分住宅建筑商却对其实际效果感到担忧，并担心该法案最终可能无法达到预期的积极影响，甚至可能以失败告终。这种来自行业内部的忧虑，为该法案在签署后的具体落地与实施效果蒙上了一层阴影。

At the same time, the landmark legislation has met with apprehension from the housing industry itself. While lawmakers celebrate the bipartisan breakthrough, home builders have expressed concern that the sweeping package's ultimate impact might fizzle. This industry skepticism highlights a lingering worry that the practical execution of the bill's regulatory relief and supply-boosting measures may fall short of the high expectations set by congressional leaders.