埃塞俄比亚政府与提格雷互指发动攻势 战事重燃威胁和平协议Ethiopia and Tigray Trade Offensive Claims as Renewed Conflict Threatens Peace

提格雷地方武装于周三清晨从联邦国家警察手中接管了首府默克莱及提格雷境内的各联邦管理机场，促使埃塞俄比亚航空公司宣布取消所有进出该地区的航班。默克莱当地居民表示，武装人员已在市区街道展开巡逻，但城区内部并未发生直接武装交火，大部分战斗行动转移至提格雷周边边境地带。

Tigrayan local forces took over control of federally administered airports across the northern region, including the airport in the regional capital of Mekelle, taking over facilities previously guarded by the national police early on Wednesday. Following the seizure, Ethiopian Airlines announced the cancellation of all scheduled commercial flights to the Tigray region. Mekelle residents reported that while armed fighters were patrolling the city streets, no direct armed clashes occurred inside the urban center, with most active engagements shifting toward outer border areas.

在地面控制权发生变更的同时，联邦官员与提格雷领导层针对军事行动的性质展开争论。埃塞俄比亚总理内阁部长兼顾问盖塔丘·雷达在社交媒体声明中指出，提格雷武装对邻近的阿法尔和阿姆哈拉两州的政府军阵地发起了全面进攻。提格雷地方当局则反驳称，其军事部署是在该地区遭遇联邦无人机连续袭击后采取的防御性自卫行动，战斗目前已越过提格雷边界向外扩展。

As ground control shifted, federal officials and Tigrayan leadership offered sharply conflicting accounts regarding the military operations. Getachew Reda, a cabinet minister and adviser to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, stated on social media that TPLF forces had launched an all-out offensive against federal government positions in the neighboring Afar and Amhara regions. Tigrayan authorities disputed this characterization, asserting that their units were engaged in a defensive response prompted by recent federal drone strikes across the region as fighting spread beyond Tigray's administrative borders.

提格雷南部城镇阿拉马塔周二遭遇连续空中打击，提格雷地方当局通报称空袭造成至少14人死亡、22人受伤。阿拉马塔镇长莫戈斯·希费劳向媒体表示，袭击自凌晨03:30左右开始，涉及5架以上无人机和1架喷气式战斗机，实施了超过21次空袭打击行动。

In the southern Tigrayan town of Alamata, an aerial bombardment on Tuesday killed at least 14 people and injured 22 others, according to Tigrayan local authorities. Alamata Mayor Mogos Shiferaw reported that more than five drones and one fighter jet carried out over 21 strikes against the town, with the bombardment beginning at around 03:30 in the morning.

首府默克莱市内虽未爆发直接战斗，但平民面临严峻的经济压力与恐慌情绪。当地居民反映，由于联邦政府在过去七至八个月内扣发公务员工资与预算，当地银行现金几乎见底，居民只能依赖移动支付系统维持生活。面对通讯随时可能中断的威胁以及战事升级风险，默克莱街头人迹罕至，居民自发减少外出活动，城市呈现出类似宵禁状态的冷清景象。

While direct armed combat has not spread inside the regional capital of Mekelle, residents described mounting civilian distress and severe economic strain. Local accounts indicated that the federal government had withheld budget allocations and civil servant salaries over the past seven to eight months, leaving regional bank branches largely depleted of physical cash. Residents have relied on mobile banking platforms, raising fears of severe disruption if communications are severed amid escalating hostilities. In response to the crisis, civilians have sharply curtailed daily movements, leaving streets unusually quiet in conditions resembling an unofficial curfew.

在军事冲突扩大前，提格雷人民解放阵线于周日宣布与埃塞俄比亚国内另外六个武装和政治团体建立正式同盟，共同寻求推翻阿比·艾哈迈德总理领导的联邦政府，并建立全国过渡政府。这一政治联合行动使原本局限于北部边境的对峙演变为波及更广的反政府阵线，直接冲击了双方在2022年签署的和平协议框架。

Prior to the military escalation, the Tigray People's Liberation Front announced on Sunday that it had formed an alliance with six other Ethiopian armed and political groups aimed at removing the federal government of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and establishing a transitional government. The emergence of this seven-group coalition expanded the regional confrontation beyond Tigray's administrative borders, placing mounting strain on the governance framework established by the 2022 peace accord.

2022年达成和平协议前，历时两年的提格雷内战造成估计约60万人丧生，并将该地区推向饥荒边缘。然而在过去数月中，双方因领土归属、政治权力分配及协议履约进程频生纠纷，并互相指责违约。根据非政府组织武装冲突地点与事件数据项目（ACLED）的记录，联邦部队近月来多次对首府默克莱及提格雷南部目标发动无人机袭击；而在5月，TPLF重新确立了对提格雷地方政权的控制，打破了和平协议设立的临时过渡治理安排。此外，曾任提格雷临时行政当局负责人的盖塔丘·雷达在2025年与TPLF决裂后转入联邦内阁任职，反映出各方在权力治理结构上的深层分裂。

The earlier two-year war concluded in 2022 after claiming an estimated 600,000 lives and leaving northern Ethiopia on the brink of famine, but relations have progressively deteriorated over contested territory, power distribution, and peace deal implementation. Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) reports indicated that federal forces conducted drone strikes targeting TPLF officials and regional assets across Mekelle and southern Tigray in recent months. In May, the TPLF reasserted unilateral authority over Tigray's regional government, moving away from the interim administration created under the 2022 accord. Deep internal divisions were further demonstrated when Getachew Reda, who previously led Tigray's post-war interim administration, broke with the TPLF leadership in 2025 before joining the federal government as a prime ministerial adviser and cabinet minister.

战事升级引发了国际社会的广泛外交关切与停火呼吁。非洲联盟委员会主席马哈茂德·阿里·优素福发表表态，呼吁冲突各方立即缓和局势并重新回到谈判桌前。美国驻埃塞俄比亚大使埃尔文·J·马辛加则对提格雷人民解放阵线的军事行动提出严厉批评，谴责其做出发起大规模攻势的错误决定，并将该行动定性为一场无法获胜的战斗。

The rapid escalation of hostilities has drawn widespread international diplomatic concern and immediate appeals for restraint. African Union Commission Chairperson Mahmoud Ali Youssouf called for an immediate de-escalation of military actions and urged both the federal government and Tigrayan authorities to resume formal peace talks. Ervin J. Massinga, the United States ambassador to Ethiopia, strongly condemned the Tigray People's Liberation Front, describing its decision to launch a large-scale offensive as an unwinnable fight.

在联合国大会上，埃塞俄比亚总统塔耶·阿茨克-塞拉西发表讲话称，尽管埃塞俄比亚面临敌对势力的内部干涉，国家在应对行动中始终保持了极大克制，并敦促破坏力量尊重“非洲之角人民生活在和平与繁荣中的神圣权利”。然而，危机组织专家警告，战火复燃正值苏丹战事持续三年多以及埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉和奥罗米亚地区冲突未平的复杂局面。国际危机组织非洲之角项目主任艾伦·鲍斯威尔指出，提格雷紧邻厄立特里亚，如果战事进一步扩大，可能诱发埃塞俄比亚与厄立特里亚之间的直接国家间对抗。

Addressing the United Nations General Assembly, Ethiopian President Taye Atske Selassie stated that his country had maintained immense restraint despite internal interference by adversarial elements, urging destabilizing forces to respect the right of Horn of Africa populations to peace and prosperity. However, security analysts warned of severe regional risks across an already fragile environment marked by the ongoing war in neighboring Sudan and domestic unrest in Ethiopia's Amhara and Oromia regions. International Crisis Group Horn of Africa Director Alan Boswell emphasized that because Tigray borders Eritrea, any further expansion of the conflict could trigger direct military confrontations between Ethiopia and Eritrea.