司法部升级阿拉斯加参院选战诉讼 阻止选举结果认证DOJ Escalates Alaska Senate Lawsuit to Block Election Certification

司法部递交的修正起诉状直接援引了媒体关于玛丽·佩尔托拉竞选团队及民主党参议院竞选委员会涉嫌招募丹·J·苏利文的报道细节。联邦政府在起诉书中提出，佩尔托拉团队和民主党参议院竞选委员会此前在法庭文件中声称对该退休教师为何在今年早些时候参选不知情，这一表态误导了负责审理该案的联邦地区法官沙龙·格里森。司法部在诉状中主张，佩尔托拉阵营与民主党全国机构实际清楚退休教师参选的目的，并涉嫌策划这场竞选活动以误导阿拉斯加选民。

The Justice Department's amended complaint directly incorporates details from reporting regarding alleged efforts by Mary Peltola's campaign and the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee to recruit Dan J. Sullivan. In its filing in federal court, the government contends that Peltola's campaign and the committee misled Judge Sharon Gleason by stating in earlier filings that they lacked knowledge of why the retired teacher entered the race earlier this year. The amended complaint argues that the Democratic groups were fully aware of the purposes of his candidacy and orchestrated the effort to confuse local voters and assist Peltola.

除了增加宪法最高条款的诉讼主张外，司法部还在周四提交的另一份文件中援引美国联邦第九巡回上诉法院的判例，主张随着修正诉状的提出，阿拉斯加州政府、佩尔托拉团队以及民主党参议院竞选委员会此前提交的驳回诉讼申请在法律程序上已经失效。格里森法官原本要求司法部在阿拉斯加时间周四下午5点之前对原告各方的驳回动议作出回应，但截至目前法官尚未就原有的驳回动议是否已经失效作出正式裁决。

Beyond adding a second legal claim under the U.S. Constitution's Supremacy Clause, the department asserted in a separate court filing that the amended complaint renders pending dismissal motions from the state, the Peltola campaign, and the DSCC legally moot under Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals precedent. Judge Gleason had originally set a deadline of 5 p.m. Alaska Time on Thursday for federal prosecutors to formally respond to the earlier motions to throw out the lawsuit ahead of Election Day. Gleason has not yet ruled on whether those motions are officially moot.

在《纽约时报》披露民主党人涉嫌招募退休教师丹·J·苏利文参选后，联邦与地方两级执法调查迅速扩大。美国司法部已发出至少三十余份新的传票及文件保留通知，受函对象涵盖玛丽·佩尔托拉的竞选办公室以及丹·J·苏利文的相关驻地。司法部早于7月就已针对阿拉斯加参议员选举开启刑事调查，调查重点聚焦于可能违反保护公民自由公正选举权利的联邦法律行为。随着媒体细节公开，唐纳德·特朗普总统持续推动其行政当局加大办案力度，并要求司法部提起民事诉讼阻止阿拉斯加州认证选举结果。

Federal and state law enforcement actions widened after The New York Times reported on alleged Democratic efforts to recruit retired teacher Dan J. Sullivan. The Justice Department issued at least three dozen new subpoenas and document preservation requests, serving notices to Mary Peltola's Senate campaign offices and those of Dan J. Sullivan. Federal prosecutors originally initiated a criminal inquiry into the Alaska Senate contest in July to examine potential violations of federal laws protecting citizens' rights to free and fair elections. Backed by the newly reported details, President Donald Trump pushed his administration to ramp up investigative efforts and ordered the department to pursue civil litigation blocking the state from certifying election outcomes.

州政府层面，阿拉斯加州共和党籍州长迈克·邓利维在周三晚间以媒体报道内容为由，正式责令州公共安全部介入，查明招募退休教师参选的行动是否触犯了刑事或民事法律。佩尔托拉竞选团队则坚决否认参与招募，反驳了关于其涉入该退休教师竞选活动的指控。

At the state level, Republican Gov. Mike Dunleavy directed the Alaska Department of Public Safety late Wednesday to open an investigation into whether the recruitment effort breached civil or criminal statutes, citing the newspaper report as the impetus. Peltola's campaign pushed back against the recruitment claims, maintaining that it was not involved in facilitating the retired teacher's bid.

阿拉斯加州在2020年投票通过选举制度改革，并于2022年首次推行无党派初选与排位选择投票制。按照现行规则，8月初选中的前四名候选人可晋级11月决选；选民在普选中可以按意愿对候选人进行排序，若无人获得超过50%的普选票，得票最少者将被淘汰，其选票将根据选民标记的第二顺位重新分配，直至产生过半数获胜者。在8月的初选中，民主党人玛丽·佩尔托拉以49.5%的得票率名列榜首，现任参议员丹·S·苏利文以41.4%位居第二，退休教师丹·J·苏利文以2.5%位列第三，第四位候选人则是另一位共和党人杰拉尔德·海克斯。

Alaska voters approved a complete overhaul of the state's election system in 2020, implementing a nonpartisan blanket primary and a ranked-choice general election system that first took effect in 2022 to limit partisan polarization. Under these rules, the top four finishers from the August primary advance to the November ballot, where voters rank candidates in order of preference. If no candidate secures an outright majority exceeding 50 percent, the last-place candidate is eliminated and their ballots are redistributed to voters' second choices until one candidate crosses the threshold. In the August primary, Democrat Mary Peltola finished first with 49.5 percent of the vote, incumbent Sen. Dan S. Sullivan placed second with 41.4 percent, retiree Dan J. Sullivan took third place with 2.5 percent, and Republican Gerald Heikes advanced in fourth place.

来自阿拉斯加乡村地区的退休教师丹·J·苏利文于今年6月宣布参选，随后遭到现任参议员丹·S·苏利文的强烈反对，现任议员公开将其斥为企图欺骗选民的“假候选人”并试图将其移出选票。该退休教师坚决否认相关指控，坚称自己参选是出于对竞逐参议员职位的真实意愿。阿拉斯加州一名选举官员曾于6月一度裁定其不具备参选资格，但该退休教师最终仍得以列名选票，从而引发了目前两党与联邦政府之间的持续司法争议。

Dan J. Sullivan, a retired schoolteacher from rural Alaska, announced his candidacy in June, sparking an immediate effort by the incumbent senator to strip him from the ballot. Sen. Dan S. Sullivan denounced the newcomer as a sham candidate designed specifically to trick voters, a charge the retired teacher disputed while insisting he is genuinely interested in running for the Senate. An Alaska election official determined in June that the second Sullivan was ineligible to appear on the ballot, but he ultimately remained in contention, setting the stage for the current clash.

针对双重苏利文参选引发的争议，共和党全国委员会指责民主党阵营招募退休教师参选属于欺诈行为，意图借此混淆选民并从现任参议员丹·S·苏利文手中分流选票。共和党全国委员会选举诚信通讯主管阿莉·特里奥洛表示，这一策略意在剥夺选民权利，共和党此前数月就已试图对抗这一计划，相关做法说明司法部介入阻止选举认证是合理的防范举措。

The controversy surrounding the duplicate Sullivan candidacies sparked sharp party conflict, with the Republican National Committee denouncing the alleged Democratic recruitment effort as fraudulent conduct intended to confuse voters and peel support away from incumbent Sen. Dan S. Sullivan. Ally Triolo, the RNC election integrity communications director, stated that the maneuver was an attempt to disenfranchise voters, maintaining that Republicans had fought the arrangement for months and arguing that the revelations validated federal intervention before race outcomes could be certified.

面对司法部通过修正起诉书升级诉讼的做法，阿拉斯加州选举局局长卡罗尔·比彻及州属选举委员会向联邦法院递交动议，要求格里森法官加快审理针对修正起诉书的驳回动议。州选举部门在动议中批评联邦政府并未对先前的驳回动议作出实质性抗辩，而是追加了同样缺乏依据的指控并声称原动议已失效，直指司法部在加急诉讼程序中进行诉讼博弈，敦促法院驳回起诉。

Pushing back against the amended lawsuit, Alaska Division of Elections Director Carol Beecher and state election boards submitted a motion urging Judge Gleason to expedite consideration of their request to dismiss the revised filing. State election officials criticized the Justice Department for sidestepping a substantive rebuttal to their original motion to dismiss, arguing federal attorneys instead introduced an equally meritless second count based on the same theory to claim earlier challenges were moot. Blasting the move as procedural gamesmanship that the court should not tolerate during expedited proceedings, state officials asked the judge to dismiss the case.