美司法部起诉软件公司高管 涉嫌隐瞒俄罗斯控制权欺诈特勤局DOJ Charges Software Executives With Hiding Russian Control From Secret Service

根据美国司法部发布的一份声明，55岁的Oxygen Forensics首席执行官李·赖伯在其居住地爱达荷州博伊西被逮捕，随后获准保释。司法官员表示，赖伯预计将在未来数周内于洛杉矶联邦法院出庭接受提审。与他一同被起诉的52岁俄罗斯籍同案被告奥列格·达维多夫来自莫斯科，同一天在伦敦希思罗机场准备登机飞往伊斯坦布尔时被警方抓获。美国司法当局透露，美方正计划向英国方面正式申请引渡达维多夫。

According to a Justice Department statement, Lee Reiber, the 55-year-old chief executive of Oxygen Forensics, was taken into custody on Sunday in Boise, Idaho, where he resides, and subsequently released on bond. Judicial authorities indicated that Reiber is scheduled to be formally arraigned in federal court in Los Angeles in the coming weeks. His co-defendant, 52-year-old Moscow resident Oleg Davydov, was apprehended on the same day at London's Heathrow Airport as he prepared to board a flight destined for Istanbul. U.S. authorities confirmed they intend to pursue his extradition from the United Kingdom.

检方指控两人犯有共谋电信欺诈罪，该项联邦罪名最高可判处20年监禁。检察官办公室公共信息官西亚兰·麦克沃伊在声明中指出，所有被告在法庭依法定罪前均被推定无罪。此次刑事指控源于两人涉嫌隐瞒软件背后的俄罗斯所有权与运营控制权，进而使该公司得以向多家美国执法部门及政府机构提供用于从手机和电脑中提取与分析数据的数字取证软件。

Both Reiber and Davydov face federal charges of conspiracy to commit wire fraud, an offense that carries a statutory maximum penalty of up to 20 years in prison. Ciaran McEvoy, a public information officer at the U.S. Attorney's office, stated that all defendants are presumed innocent unless proven guilty in court. The prosecution stems from allegations that the pair concealed the Russian ownership and control structure behind Oxygen Forensics, allowing the firm to supply forensic data-extraction tools to multiple federal agencies.

起诉书披露，李·赖伯于2022年3月出任Oxygen Forensics首席执行官。就在华盛顿因乌克兰局势扩大对莫斯科制裁后不久，该公司的公开备案文件中移除了俄罗斯所有者的姓名。然而，检方指控俄罗斯所有者依然在幕后保持实际控制，达维多夫与另外4名俄罗斯公民通过塞浦路斯的一家控股公司秘密持有并掌控该企业，其所有取证软件均由达维多夫在俄罗斯亲自带领的技术团队负责编写。

According to the criminal complaint, Lee Reiber assumed the role of chief executive at Oxygen Forensics in March 2022, shortly before the names of the Russian owners were quietly removed from public corporate filings following Washington's expansion of sanctions on Moscow after the invasion of Ukraine. Prosecutors allege that the Russian owners retained full operational control behind the scenes, with Davydov and four other Russian nationals secretly owning and directing the enterprise through a Cyprus-based holding company, while the forensic software itself was written entirely by a development team based in Russia under Davydov's direct supervision.

起诉文件进一步指出，这些俄罗斯所有者在幕后直接决定赖伯的薪酬待遇，并握有支配公司银行账户的实际权力。多年来，该公司一直向美国各联邦机构谎称自身是在美国本土独立设立并运营的企业，完全向美方掩盖了核心软件开发全部位于俄罗斯以及公司资金与人事决策受莫斯科控制的事实。

The charging documents detail that the Russian owners retained authority over the firm's corporate bank accounts and directly determined Reiber's compensation package. Federal investigators assert that despite presenting Oxygen Forensics as an independently owned and domestically operated American entity for multiple years, the executives deliberately shielded the company's foreign management, financial oversight, and overseas engineering operations from federal authorities.

起诉书显示，李·赖伯于2022年12月和2023年10月先后签署了多份政府文件，虚假保证Oxygen Forensics是一家独立运营机构且不存在任何外部所有者。检方指出，正是凭借这些虚假认证，该公司成功在2024年拿下了特勤局培训部门一份为期5年、总值1200万美元的软件采购合同，并向国土安全调查局和战争部等联邦关键部门供应手机与计算机数据提取工具。

According to the complaint, Lee Reiber signed official government paperwork in December 2022 and October 2023 falsely certifying that Oxygen Forensics was an independent company with no external owners. Prosecutors stated that these fraudulent certifications directly facilitated the company in securing a lucrative five-year, $12 million contract with a Secret Service training division in 2024. The firm's forensic software tools, used to extract and analyze data from mobile phones and computer systems, were also procured by Homeland Security Investigations and the Department of War.

起诉文件进一步披露，2023年末当一名记者就该公司与俄罗斯的关联提出询问时，赖伯曾向其俄罗斯合伙人发出警告，称此类媒体报道可能会毁掉整个商业机会。及至2024年3月，在与伪装成国土安全官员的卧底特工通电话时，赖伯在被录音的对话中再次断然否认存在任何俄罗斯所有权，并否认俄罗斯方面参与了该软件的开发过程。

The charging documents also reveal that in late 2023, after a journalist inquired about the company's ties to Russia, Reiber privately warned his Russian partners that media exposure could destroy their business opportunity. Federal prosecutors noted that as recently as March, Reiber explicitly denied any Russian ownership or overseas engineering involvement during a recorded phone call with undercover federal agents who were posing as Homeland Security personnel.

美国检方的指控内容与Oxygen Forensics前员工马克斯·韦斯伯格此前的公开爆料高度吻合。韦斯伯格曾于2024年2月在YouTube平台发布视频，指控该公司受到一家与克里姆林宫关系密切的俄罗斯企业秘密控制，且全部程序员均位于俄罗斯境内，首席执行官李·赖伯则是拿报酬出面掩盖真相。面对上述公开指控，Oxygen Forensics坚决予以否认，并在随后的8月于弗吉尼亚州联邦法院对韦斯伯格提起名誉侵权诉讼，指责该视频是一场报复行动的一部分。

The federal government's criminal allegations closely mirror statements publicly made earlier in the year by Max Weissberg, a former Oxygen Forensics employee. In a YouTube video published in February, Weissberg alleged that the software firm was secretly controlled by a Russian enterprise with close ties to the Kremlin, that all of its programming engineers were located in Russia, and that chief executive Lee Reiber was being paid to conceal the truth. Oxygen Forensics rejected the claims and subsequently filed a defamation lawsuit against Weissberg in Virginia federal court in August, characterizing his video as part of a retaliatory campaign.

在正式提起刑事指控前夕，联邦执法调查人员依据9月19日签发的搜查令，正式查封并扣押了Oxygen Forensics的多个公司银行账户以及大约57个网络域名。司法部官员西亚兰·麦克沃伊证实，此案由美国商务部产业安全局主导调查，并获得了战争部相关部门的协助配合。

Prior to bringing the criminal charges, federal investigators executed a search warrant issued on September 19, seizing Oxygen Forensics' corporate bank accounts alongside approximately 57 of its internet domains. Ciaran McEvoy, a public information officer at the U.S. Attorney's office, stated that the ongoing probe into the company is being conducted by the Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security, with investigative assistance from the Department of War Office.