中国成功发射并回收长征十号B可重复使用运载火箭China Successfully Launches and Recovers Reusable Long March 10B Rocket

2026年7月10日当地时间12:15（格林威治标准时间04:15），长征十号B运载火箭在中国南部的海南文昌航天发射场起飞，正式开启了它的首次飞行任务。在发射升空后，该火箭的第一级与上级（即第二级）顺利完成了分离。根据中国中央电视台（CCTV）等官方媒体的报道，在分离发生约六分钟后，火箭的一子级助推器开始向地面回落，并最终以垂直姿态平稳降落在海上的一处浮动平台上，成功完成了回收。

The Long March 10B carrier rocket lifted off from the Wenchang space launch site on Hainan island in southern China at 12:15 local time (04:15 GMT) on Friday, July 10, 2026, marking its maiden flight. Following the ascent, the first stage of the rocket successfully separated from the upper stage. According to state broadcaster CCTV, approximately six minutes after this stage separation, the first-stage booster returned to Earth vertically and was successfully recovered on a floating sea platform.

根据中国中央电视台附属社交媒体账号发布的现场视频显示，该一子级助推器在垂直降落至海上平台时，其顶部正冒着烟雾。此次成功的回收试验不仅标志着该型火箭首飞圆满成功，也通过实际飞行验证了其一子级可重复使用的设计方案。这一过程标志着中国在受控轨道级助推器回收领域取得了关键突破，使中国成为全球第二个掌握该项技术的国家。

Video footage posted by a social media account affiliated with CCTV showed the booster smoking at the top as it lowered vertically onto the floating platform. This successful maiden flight and recovery operation validated the rocket's design for first-stage reusability. The mission represents China's first controlled orbital-class booster recovery, making it only the second nation in the world to achieve this technological capability.

长征十号B是一款中型运载火箭，整体高度达70米（约230英尺），箭体宽度为5米。该型火箭采用两级构型设计，其一子级动力系统由七台使用煤油和液氧作为推进剂的YF-100K发动机驱动。凭借这一动力配置，长征十号B具备向近地轨道运送高达16吨载荷的能力，其主要任务定位是服务于未来的空间货运任务。

The Long March 10B is a medium-lift carrier rocket standing 70 meters (230 feet) tall and measuring 5 meters in width. The two-stage rocket's first stage is powered by seven YF-100K engines that burn a combination of kerosene and liquid oxygen. This propulsion setup enables the rocket to deliver a payload of up to 16 tonnes to low Earth orbit, with its primary design tailored to support future cargo missions.

在2026年7月10日的首次飞行任务中，长征十号B运载火箭不仅成功验证了其一子级助推器的垂直回收与可重复使用设计，还顺利完成了其载荷发射任务。根据中国官方媒体的报道，该火箭在升空后成功将一颗卫星送入了预定轨道，实现了技术验证与实际应用双重目标的圆满达成。

During its maiden flight on July 10, 2026, the Long March 10B successfully completed its operational objective alongside the recovery test. According to state media reports, the mission successfully deployed a satellite into its designated orbit, demonstrating the rocket's capability to deliver functional payloads while validating its first-stage reusable design.

在传统的航天发射中，运载火箭通常被视为一次性消耗品，其各个部分在升空过程中会被相继丢弃并损毁，这导致航天器的发射成本长期居高不下。由于助推器通常被视为整枚火箭中最昂贵、最具价值的部分，实现其回收与重复使用，将有望显著降低未来卫星发射和太空探索的经济成本。中国中央电视台指出，此次长征十号B的首次飞行不仅验证了其一子级的可重复使用设计，也预计将有助于大幅削减发射成本。

In traditional space missions, rockets are typically considered expendable, with their various segments discarded and destroyed during ascent, which makes launching spacecraft highly expensive. Because the booster is generally recognized as the most valuable and costly part of a rocket, successfully recovering and reusing it is expected to significantly lower the financial costs of both satellite launches and broader space exploration. State broadcaster CCTV noted that the maiden flight successfully validated the rocket's design for first-stage reusability and is expected to help cut future launch costs.

针对此次任务的成功，火箭研制方中国航天科技集团在社交媒体上表示，该任务标志着中国可重复使用火箭技术取得了历史性突破。该集团强调，这一里程碑式的进展为加速提升中国航天进入空间的能力奠定了坚实的基础，对中国未来的航天规划具有重要意义。

Following the successful operation, the rocket's manufacturer, the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, stated in a social media post that the mission represents a historic breakthrough in China's reusable rocket technology. The corporation emphasized that this achievement has laid a solid foundation for accelerating the improvement of China's overall space access capabilities.

此次长征十号B运载火箭一子级的成功回收，使中国正式成为全球第二个实现受控轨道级助推器回收的国家。这一技术进展使中国在可重复使用火箭技术上，更接近其主要的美国竞争对手。此前，美国在这一领域长期占据主导地位，主要代表为埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）旗下的SpaceX公司，以及由亚马逊创始人杰夫·贝索斯（Jeff Bezos）创立的蓝色起源（Blue Origin）公司。随着中国成功掌握这一关键技术，全球可重复使用航天发射的竞争格局正迎来新的变化。

The successful recovery of the Long March 10B first stage makes China only the second nation in the world to achieve a controlled orbital-class booster recovery. This technological milestone brings China closer to matching the reusable rocket capabilities of its primary American rivals. Previously, the United States held a dominant position in this field, led by Elon Musk's SpaceX and Blue Origin, which is owned by Amazon founder Jeff Bezos. By mastering this vertical recovery capability, China is positioning itself to challenge the long-standing American dominance in reusable spaceflight technology.

对于中国国内的航天产业而言，该项技术的突破具有重要的实际应用价值。媒体分析指出，长征十号B的成功发射与回收，为中国本土的卫星企业解决了一个长期存在的关键技术瓶颈。掌握受控轨道级助推器的回收能力，对于中国构建关键的卫星基础设施、加速卫星互联网等星座项目的部署具有重要作用。这不仅有助于提升中国在商业航天领域的整体竞争力，也为其未来的大规模空间探索和轨道资产建设提供了强有力的技术支撑。

For China's domestic space sector, this development represents a long-awaited breakthrough for Chinese satellite companies. The ability to reliably recover and reuse orbital-class boosters is considered key to building out critical satellite infrastructure and deploying large-scale constellations. By overcoming this major technological hurdle, China is enhancing its capacity to establish robust orbital networks, which will support both its commercial space ambitions and its broader long-term space exploration initiatives.