保加利亚近海商船遭无人机袭击致一沉一损 索非亚召见俄特使Bulgaria Summons Russian Envoy After Drones Strike Two Ships in Black Sea

遇袭事件发生在周二凌晨，地点位于保加利亚领海外围的黑海海域。悬挂几内亚比绍国旗的货轮“Dignity”号（亦称HS Dignity）在克拉佩茨村以东约15至17海里（约31公里）处遭到军用打击后沉没。瓦尔纳州州长马里奥·斯姆尔科夫与保加利亚官方救援部门表示，搜救队伍救起部分幸存人员，但仍有11名船员处于失踪状态，针对失踪船员的搜救作业在事发海域持续进行。

The maritime strikes took place during the early hours of Tuesday in international waters just outside Bulgarian territorial boundaries. The Guinea-Bissau-flagged cargo ship Dignity, also identified as HS Dignity, went down approximately 15 to 17 nautical miles (about 31 kilometres) east of the coastal village of Krapets after sustaining hits from an aerial strike. According to Varna District Governor Mario Smrkov and Bulgarian maritime authorities, emergency crews pulled surviving personnel from the water while an intensive search and rescue mission continued in the area for the 11 missing crew members.

另一艘由乌克兰所有、悬挂马耳他国旗的货轮“Chelsea 3”号于周二凌晨1时30分左右在比亚拉镇以东约18海里（约33公里）处遇袭，船体和甲板被三架空中无人机击中受损。保加利亚救援力量疏散了该船全部15名船员，其中包括7名乌克兰籍与8名阿塞拜疆籍公民，并将其护送至瓦尔纳港；其中5名受轻伤的船员在现场接受了医疗处理，全员无生命危险。

The second vessel, the Ukrainian-owned and Maltese-flagged cargo carrier Chelsea 3, was struck at approximately 1:30 a.m. local time roughly 18 nautical miles (about 33 kilometres) off the coast of Byala. Crew members reported that three aerial drones hit the vessel's deck and hull, causing structural damage. Rescuers evacuated all 15 crew members—seven Ukrainian nationals and eight Azerbaijani nationals—and transported them to the port of Varna, where medical personnel treated five individuals for minor injuries.

在周二主持召开的国家安全委员会紧急会议上，保加利亚总理鲁门·拉德夫将这起商船遇袭事件定性为“绝对不可接受”。拉德夫在社交媒体与电视讲话中指出，虽然索非亚当局目前缺乏明确且决定性的证据来直接指控任何特定一方，但乌克兰摧毁本国船只毫无逻辑，袭击的实际客观结果符合俄罗斯联邦的利益。基于这一战略判断，拉德夫决定当天直接召见俄罗斯驻保加利亚大使埃莱奥诺拉·米特罗法诺娃进行当面交涉，并表示保加利亚正承受沉重的经济与金融损失。

During an emergency meeting of Bulgaria's Security Council on Tuesday, Prime Minister Rumen Radev denounced the maritime drone strikes as entirely unacceptable. In televised remarks and social media statements, Radev acknowledged that while Bulgarian investigators lack definitive and conclusive proof to assign blame to either belligerent, it made no logical sense for Ukraine to destroy its own commercial vessels, meaning the practical outcome of the strikes works to the strategic advantage of the Russian Federation. Acting on that assessment, Radev called Russian Ambassador Eleonora Mitrofanova in for formal talks on Tuesday, pointing out that maritime disruptions were inflicting substantial economic and financial damages on Bulgaria.

拉德夫同时提到，周二的袭击是该国附近海域一周之内发生的第二轮商船遇袭事件。在此之前的一周，即2026年10月6日，另外两艘商业货船在保加利亚专属经济区内遭到海上和空中无人机打击，其中货轮“Alfa Watan”号沉没，包括9名叙利亚籍船员在内的10名船员推定遇难。保加利亚此前已就10月6日的事件请求北约和欧盟提供技术调查援助以确定无人机来源，当局强调将继续同西方盟友推进调查，查明连续袭击背后的确切源头。

Radev noted that Tuesday's incident marked the second series of drone strikes targeting commercial merchant vessels near the Bulgarian coast within seven days. Just one week earlier, on October 6, two other merchant ships were struck by sea and aerial drones in Bulgaria's exclusive economic zone, causing the cargo vessel Alfa Watan to sink and leaving its 10 crew members, including nine Syrian nationals, presumed dead. The Bulgarian government had previously requested technical and investigative assistance from NATO and the European Union following the October 6 strike to trace the origin of the drones, and Radev stated Sofia will continue working with its Western allies to uncover the source of the attacks.

在保加利亚总理鲁门·拉德夫要求就商船遭袭事件进行当面说明后，俄罗斯驻保加利亚大使埃莱奥诺拉·米特罗法诺娃向保方作出回应。据保加利亚媒体与政府通报，米特罗法诺娃表示，俄罗斯国防部未曾向她提供任何关于黑海近期商船遇袭事件的相关信息或军事通报，俄外交机构对涉及袭击的行动细节并不知情。

Following Prime Minister Rumen Radev's demand for an explanation over the strikes on commercial vessels, Russian Ambassador to Bulgaria Eleonora Mitrofanova delivered Moscow's formal response to Sofia. According to Bulgarian press reports and government communications, Mitrofanova stated that the Russian Ministry of Defence had provided her with no information or operational briefings concerning the latest maritime attacks on merchant shipping in the Black Sea, maintaining that the diplomatic mission lacked details regarding the strikes.

米特罗法诺娃在交涉中针对保方的指责提出抗辩，明确表示不排除这些针对货船的无人机袭击是一场“由第三方发起的挑衅”。她以此回应索非亚方面提出的逻辑推断，未承认莫斯科方面与袭击存在关联。在会面之后，保加利亚当局重申将继续同欧盟与北约盟友协调调查，而俄罗斯使馆方面暂未提供进一步的事态说明。

During the meeting, Mitrofanova pushed back against suggestions of Russian culpability by stating that she did not rule out the possibility that the drone strikes on commercial cargo ships represented a deliberate provocation staged by a third party. Her assertion countered the deductive reasoning presented by Bulgarian leadership while rejecting direct Russian responsibility. Following the exchange, Sofia reaffirmed its commitment to pursuing a joint investigation with European Union and NATO partners, while the Russian embassy offered no additional operational details.

遇袭事件发生后，保加利亚正式向北约与欧盟通报了相关情况，并正式寻求盟友提供技术调查援助以及空中与海上监视防空支持。由于遇袭地点位于保加利亚领海外侧数海里处，保加利亚总理拉德夫已同北约秘书长马克·吕特通话，双方就地区安全局势展开直接沟通。

Following the maritime incidents, Bulgaria officially briefed its allies in NATO and the European Union, formally requesting technical investigation assistance alongside enhanced aerial and maritime surveillance support. Because the strikes occurred in waters situated only a few nautical miles outside Bulgarian territorial boundaries, Prime Minister Rumen Radev held direct consultations with NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte to discuss Black Sea operational security.

吕特在会谈后发表声明表示，北约将继续与黑海盟国保持密切合作，联盟此前已经强化了沿东翼的军事部署，接下来将持续监视周边安全环境，并根据实际需要随时调整威慑与防御姿态。与此同时，欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩公开谴责针对保加利亚海岸附近商船的无人机袭击，将黑海局势定性为乌克兰战事外溢的新升级前线，强调危及船员生命与航行安全的行为不可接受，并要求追究袭击责任方的法律责任。

Rutte stated after their discussions that the military alliance will continue working closely with allies across the Black Sea region. He noted that NATO has already reinforced its defensive posture along the eastern flank and will actively monitor the surrounding security environment, adjusting deterrence and defence postures as conditions require. Meanwhile, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen issued a formal condemnation of the drone strikes targeting commercial shipping near the Bulgarian coastline, describing the Black Sea as another front of escalation in the war in Ukraine, insisting that endangered civilian maritime traffic cannot be accepted, and demanding that those responsible be held accountable.