美伊代表团抵达瑞士启动和平谈判US and Iranian Delegations Arrive in Switzerland to Launch Peace Talks

美国副总统万斯与夫人乌沙·万斯于当地时间周日上午6点前抵达卢塞恩郊外的埃门空军基地，随后乘车前往布尔根施托克度假区。万斯在登机前向媒体表示，他希望在核问题和黎巴嫩停火问题上取得进展，并透露自己可能只会在瑞士停留一到两天。此次美方代表团将与伊朗代表团展开技术级磋商，旨在落实双方此前达成的临时谅解备忘录，并在60天的期限内敲定最终和平协议的具体技术细节。

U.S. Vice President JD Vance and second lady Usha Vance arrived at Emmen Air Base outside Lucerne shortly before 6 a.m. local time on Sunday, before traveling by convoy to the Bürgenstock Resort. Before boarding his flight, Vance told reporters that he hoped to make progress on both the nuclear issue and the Lebanon ceasefire, noting that he would likely only be able to remain in Switzerland for a day or two. The U.S. delegation's arrival sets the stage for technical-level negotiations to flesh out the details of the interim memorandum of understanding within the mandated 60-day window.

伊朗外交部发言人伊斯梅尔·巴盖伊证实，由议长穆罕默德·巴盖尔·加利巴夫、外交部长阿巴斯·阿拉格齐及其他高级官员组成的伊朗代表团已于周六晚间抵达苏黎世。尽管双方在履约问题上存在分歧，但由于在结束冲突方面拥有共同利益，两国均派出了高级别官员。此次在布尔根施托克度假区举行的闭门会议，将成为双方在规定时间内达成最终协议的关键起点。

The Iranian delegation, which includes Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, arrived in Zurich late Saturday night, as confirmed by Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Esmaeil Baghaei. Analysts noted that both nations have dispatched high-level officials to the Swiss resort because they share a vested interest in ending the conflict, despite trading accusations of agreement violations. These technical sessions at Bürgenstock represent the formal launch of a 60-day sprint toward a final peace agreement.

在瑞士谈判启动前夕，伊朗宣布由于以色列在黎巴嫩持续进行袭击，将再次关闭霍尔木兹海峡这一关键海上通道。伊朗方面警告称，如果黎巴嫩的战斗不停止，此次和平谈判可能难以取得实质性进展。乔治·华盛顿大学中东研究项目主任西纳·阿佐迪指出，以色列对黎巴嫩的袭击是伊朗关注的核心问题，而美方则可能将德黑兰宣布关闭霍尔木兹海峡的行为视为对双方此前签署的谅解备忘录的违反。

On the eve of the Swiss negotiations, Iran announced it is closing the vital Strait of Hormuz shipping lane once again in response to ongoing Israeli military strikes in Lebanon. Tehran warned that little progress might be achieved during the peace talks if the active fighting does not stop. Sina Azodi, director of George Washington University’s Middle East studies program, noted that while Israel's attacks in Lebanon remain a critical issue for Iran, the United States could potentially interpret Tehran's claim to close the strategic waterway as a direct violation of the newly signed memorandum of understanding.

针对伊朗的单方面声明，美军迅速予以否认，明确表示伊朗并不拥有对霍尔木兹海峡这一重要国际航道的控制权。与此同时，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普也对德黑兰发出了严厉警告，他威胁称，如果美伊双方最终未能达成和平协议，美国将在该航道征收通行费。这一围绕关键能源运输通道的控制权争端，为本已脆弱的谈判进程增添了新的不确定性。

In response to Tehran's declaration, the United States military denied Iran's claim of controlling the strategic strait, asserting that the waterway remains open. Concurrently, President Donald Trump issued a stern warning to the Iranian leadership, threatening to impose shipping tolls within the critical maritime transit lane if a final peace agreement is not ultimately reached between the two nations.

据参与谈判的一位外交官透露，首日和平谈判的议程中已紧急增加了一场专门会议，用以应对以色列与黎巴嫩真主党武装组织之间的冲突。这一议题不仅被列为首日议程，而且将作为美伊代表团开始谈判后的第一场会议进行讨论。卡塔尔和巴基斯坦的调解人也将参与到此次紧急会议的讨论中，协助双方进行斡旋。

An emergency session to address the conflict between Israel and the Lebanon-based militant group Hezbollah has been added to the schedule of the first day of peace talks in Switzerland, according to a diplomat attending the negotiations. This critical regional issue will serve as the very first session when the U.S. and Iranian delegations formally begin their bilateral talks. Mediators from Qatar and Pakistan are also set to participate in these discussions to help facilitate the dialogue.

值得注意的是，以色列、真主党以及黎巴嫩政府均未直接参与此次在瑞士举行的谈判。分析指出，美国允许伊朗将以黎冲突引入此次谈判议程，标志着美国外交策略的转变。此前，伊朗代表团曾明确发出警告，如果黎巴嫩的冲突问题得不到首先解决，美伊双边谈判将难以取得任何实质性进展。

Notably, neither Israel, Hezbollah, nor the Lebanese government are party to the Swiss negotiations. Observers point out that allowing Iran to introduce the active Israel-Hezbollah conflict directly into the bilateral negotiations marks a significant shift in U.S. strategy. The scheduling change follows warnings from the Tehran delegation that negotiations would not make progress without first addressing the situation in Lebanon.

尽管黎巴嫩名义上已经达成停火协议，但地面上的流血冲突仍在继续。在过去的48小时内，以色列对黎巴嫩的袭击已造成数十人死亡，这标志着当前冲突中最为惨烈的流血事件之一。与此同时，以色列与伊朗支持的真主党武装组织之间依然在持续交火，使得局势极度紧张。这一残酷的地面现状，给正在瑞士进行的和平谈判蒙上了一层阴影。

Despite a stated truce in Lebanon, the devastating conflict on the ground continues to claim lives. Over the past two days, Israeli military strikes in Lebanon have killed dozens of people, marking some of the worst bloodshed of the current conflict. The ongoing exchange of fire between Israel and the Iran-backed militant group Hezbollah underscores the extreme volatility of the regional situation, presenting a stark backdrop to the diplomatic efforts underway in Switzerland.

然而，如果美伊双方最终能够达成和平协议，伊朗的经济发展将迎来新的契机。伊朗石油部长莫赫森·帕克内贾德于周日表示，只要西方各方继续致力于履行协议精神，伊朗的石油工业将成为检验最终和平协议的关键试金石。帕克内贾德指出，在后协议时代，伊朗石油部门将向全球经济提供重大的投资机会，目前已有数百个投资项目以及技术与运营合作伙伴合同准备就绪，随时可以签署。

On the economic front, a potential final peace agreement could open significant opportunities for Iran's energy sector. Iranian Oil Minister Mohsen Paknejad stated on Sunday that the country's oil industry will serve as a key testing ground for any final peace agreement with the United States, provided that Western parties remain committed to its spirit. According to Paknejad, in a post-agreement era, Iran's oil sector would offer major investment opportunities to the global economy, with hundreds of investment projects and technical and operational partnership contracts already prepared and ready to be signed.