美伊即将签署初步协议但黎巴嫩局势仍存争议US and Iran to Sign Preliminary Agreement as Lebanon Fate Remains Disputed

美国与伊朗预计将于周五在瑞士卢塞恩签署一项初步协议。瑞士方面已确认，这一美伊初步协议的签署地点定于卢塞恩。在七国集团（G7）峰会上，美国总统特朗普对该协议发表了初步看法，他表示该协议意味着伊朗将不会拥有核武器。特朗普同时指出，以色列总理内塔尼亚胡在应对黎巴嫩真主党时必须表现得“更加负责”。

The preliminary agreement between the United States and Iran is scheduled to be signed on Friday in Lucerne, Switzerland, according to Swiss officials. Speaking at the G7 summit, U.S. President Donald Trump commented on the scope of the impending deal, stating that the agreement means Iran will not have nuclear weapons. Trump also noted that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu must be "more responsible" in dealing with Hezbollah in Lebanon.

美国副总统万斯对该协议的内容进行了进一步阐述。万斯表示，尽管这份美伊协议的条款“非常笼统”，但根据协议安排，国际核查人员将被允许重返伊朗。这一表态为外界了解这份即将签署的政治文件提供了关键的范围参考，也构成了美方对该协议初步评估的重要组成部分。

U.S. Vice President JD Vance provided further details regarding the scope of the agreement, describing the U.S.-Iran deal as "very general." However, Vance emphasized that under the terms of the arrangement, international nuclear inspectors will be allowed back into Iran, marking a key component of the initial statements from the administration regarding the agreement's concrete outcomes.

美伊两国即将签署的初步协议将如何影响黎巴嫩局势，目前已成为各方争议的焦点。伊朗外交部长阿巴斯·阿拉格齐在周二明确表示，如果以色列军队继续留在黎巴嫩境内，将直接违反该项定于周五签署的美伊协议。伊朗方面坚称，该协议的效力应当延伸至黎巴嫩境内的冲突，并要求以军撤离。

The question of how the impending U.S.-Iran agreement will affect the situation in Lebanon has emerged as a central point of contention among the parties. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi stated on Tuesday that any continued presence of Israeli forces in Lebanon would constitute a direct violation of the U.S.-Iran agreement scheduled to be signed on Friday. Iran has claimed that the scope of the deal extends to the fighting in Lebanon, necessitating an Israeli military withdrawal.

然而，以色列官方对此持有完全相反的立场。以色列官员在周一表示，其军队将继续留守在过去三个半月中实际占领的黎巴嫩南部广大地区，这一军事行动已导致数万名当地居民被迫撤离。以色列总理内塔尼亚胡也坚称，只要有必要，以色列军队就将继续留守在黎巴嫩。由于该协议的具体细节尚未向公众披露，各方在以军留守问题上的针锋相对，使得黎巴嫩的未来局势走向更加扑朔迷离。

In stark contrast, Israeli officials declared on Monday that their troops will remain in a wide section of southern Lebanon that they have effectively occupied over the last three and a half months, an offensive that has forced tens of thousands of residents to evacuate. Furthermore, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has insisted that Israel will maintain its military presence in Lebanon for as long as necessary. With no official details of the agreement made public, these conflicting positions leave the fate of Lebanon highly uncertain.

美国官员在接受美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）采访时，对这份仅有一页半长的谅解备忘录文本进行了淡化处理。美国谈判代表正致力于尽快公布协议文本，但他们同时强调，该文件中的具体措辞并不具有决定性意义。官员们将该协议定性为一份“政治文件”，其内容极其模糊，主要目的是为未来即将进行的高度技术性、面对面的谈判创造一个更加有利的对话环境。此外，美方谈判团队在拟定文本时，特意采用了能够让伊朗政府向其国内民众进行政治交代的措辞，以满足其国内政治需求。

U.S. officials interviewed by CNN have downplayed the significance of the specific language in the one-and-a-half-page memorandum of understanding, even as negotiators work to quickly release its text. Describing the agreement as a "political document," officials characterized the text as incredibly vague and primarily designed to establish a more favorable environment for the highly technical, in-person negotiations that are scheduled to follow. Additionally, the president's negotiating team deliberately crafted language that allows the Iranian government to frame the agreement in a way that satisfies its own domestic political requirements.

美国官员进一步指出，相比于实际的文本内容，美伊双方达成的非公开幕后承诺才是美方决定签署该协议的信心来源。这些关键的渠道承诺并未在谅解备忘录的文本中体现出来。一位官员解释称，虽然协议文本中提到了“将解除制裁、达成核协议以及解冻资金”等原则性方向，但具体的执行机制完全取决于未来的进展。例如，美方只会在看到具体进展时才会解除制裁，且只有在双方就相关机制达成一致后才会解冻资金。因此，美方官员呼吁外界不要过度解读该备忘录的字面措辞，真正的关键在于双方在文本之外所达成的共识。

Furthermore, U.S. officials emphasized that the critical back-channel commitments made by Iran—which are not reflected in the text of the memorandum—are what actually gave the U.S. the confidence to sign the arrangement. One official noted that the understandings between the two nations are far more important than the physical document itself. While the text outlines broad goals such as releasing sanctions, pursuing a nuclear deal, and unfreezing funds, the official explained that sanctions will only be lifted based on progress, and funds will only be unfrozen once specific mechanisms are agreed upon, cautioning observers not to read too much into the literal language of the memorandum.

尽管美伊两国预计将于周五签署初步协议，但地面上的军事行动并未因此停息。周三，以色列军队对黎巴嫩南部多个地区实施了新的空袭和无人机袭击。根据黎巴嫩国家通讯社（NNA）的报道，以色列战机对纳巴泰（Nabatieh al-Fawqa）地区以及相邻城镇克法尔泰卜尼特（Kfar Tebnit）的东部郊区发动了空袭。这些袭击表明，尽管外交谈判正在取得进展，但当地的武装冲突仍在激烈进行。

Despite the diplomatic progress and the impending preliminary agreement scheduled to be signed on Friday, military operations on the ground have not ceased. On Wednesday, Israeli forces launched a series of new airstrikes and drone strikes across several areas in southern Lebanon. According to Lebanon's National News Agency (NNA), Israeli warplanes carried out raids targeting the Nabatieh al-Fawqa area, as well as the eastern outskirts of the neighboring town of Kfar Tebnit, demonstrating that active combat continues alongside the diplomatic efforts.

除了战机的空袭之外，黎巴嫩国家通讯社还报道称，以色列军方周三还出动无人机，对位于扎哈拉尼（Zahrani）地区的安萨里耶（Ansariyeh）镇实施了袭击。这一系列最新的军事行动再次凸显了地面局势的严峻性。尽管伊朗方面坚称该美伊谅解备忘录涵盖了中东冲突且理应包括黎巴嫩，但以色列军队在周三发动的这些空袭和无人机袭击，表明地面上的敌对行动仍在持续，并未受到外交协议谈判的限制。

In addition to the warplane raids, the NNA reported that Israeli forces launched a drone strike on Wednesday targeting the town of Ansariyeh in the Zahrani area. These latest military actions occurred even as Iran insisted that the memorandum of understanding on the Middle East war must extend to the conflict in Lebanon. The continued bombardment of these southern Lebanese towns by Israeli jets and drones highlights that hostilities remain active on the ground, unaffected by the ongoing negotiations between Washington and Tehran.