特朗普发表全国电视讲话声称选举系统存在漏洞并指责中国干预Trump Delivers Primetime Address Claiming Election Vulnerabilities and Chinese Interference

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普于周四晚在白宫东厅发表了约25分钟的黄金时段全国电视讲话。在讲话期间，白宫在其网站上同步公布了一批新解密的选举安全情报文件。特朗普声称，这些新公开的文件揭示了美国选举基础设施中存在“令人震惊的漏洞”，并指责相关系统在安全保障上面临灾难性的缺陷。

President Donald Trump delivered a 25-minute primetime national address from the East Room of the White House on Thursday night. In conjunction with the speech, the White House released a trove of newly declassified intelligence documents on election security on its website. Trump claimed that these newly public files reveal "shocking vulnerabilities in our election infrastructure" and argued that the current voting systems fall catastrophically short.

尽管特朗普宣称这些解密文件暴露了重大的选举安全危机，但白宫官员在演讲前数小时向媒体吹风时承认，新公布的文件中没有任何内容指控选票被篡改或投票机被黑客入侵。事实上，这些文件所涉及的安全漏洞大多已存在多年，且全国各地的选举官员此前一直在努力应对和解决这些已知问题。

While Trump framed the declassified documents as evidence of major security failures, a White House official acknowledged in a press briefing hours before the speech that none of the newly released information alleges that any votes were switched or that voting machines were hacked. Many of the vulnerabilities discussed in the documents have been publicly known for years, and election officials across the country have already been actively working to address them.

特朗普在讲话中指称，白宫网站上公布的解密文件显示，中国自2020年起非法获取了2.2亿美国选民的档案，包括姓名、地址及其他用于选民登记的数据。他声称，这些文件揭示了中国“险恶的选举干预”程度，并指责“深层政府”隐瞒了干预行为，同时坚称北京不希望他在2020年大选中连任。然而，美国情报评估此前已发现，并无证据表明北京改变了特朗普在2020年落败的投票结果。

During his address, Trump alleged that the newly declassified documents posted on the White House website show China carried out the "illicit acquisition of 220 million U.S. voter files" starting in 2020. He claimed these files, which contain names, addresses, and other registration data, expose the extent of Beijing's "sinister election meddling" and accused "deep state" actors of hiding it. However, U.S. intelligence assessments had previously concluded there was no evidence that Beijing altered the 2020 vote in which Trump lost.

此外，媒体和选举专家指出，特朗普的指控混淆了网络间谍活动与网络攻击的区别。解密文件实际上反映的是中国情报机构在收集美国人敏感信息方面的网络间谍活动，而非旨在篡改选票或破坏选举基础设施的网络攻击。尽管这些文件展示了中国收集选民登记数据的活跃程度，但并未显示任何干预或修改实际投票结果的行为。

Furthermore, media reports and intelligence experts noted that Trump's allegations conflate cyber espionage with active cyberattacks. The declassified documents show Chinese intelligence services engaged in cyber espionage to collect sensitive information on Americans, rather than launching cyberattacks to disrupt elections or alter votes. While the files shed new light on China's efforts to gather voter registration data, they do not contain evidence of any manipulation of the actual voting process or election infrastructure.

特朗普在演讲中重点推动国会通过《拯救美国法案》（SAVE America Act）。该法案包含一系列备受争议的选举法修改提案，要求选民在登记时必须出示公民身份证明。尽管特朗普极力敦促，但该立法目前在参议院陷入停滞，部分共和党参议员也对此持怀疑态度。特朗普在国会中的盟友对他的讲话表示赞赏，并呼吁通过该法案，而民主党人则予以强烈谴责，指责他试图破坏选举。

During his address, Trump focused heavily on urging lawmakers to pass the SAVE America Act, a controversial suite of proposed election law changes that includes strict requirements for individuals to show proof of citizenship to register to vote. Despite his push, the legislation remains stalled in the Senate, where even some Republicans have expressed skepticism. While Trump's allies in the GOP caucus praised his remarks and echoed his calls to pass the bill, Democrats strongly condemned the speech, accusing the president of attempting to undermine the electoral system.

此次讲话也反映出特朗普在11月中期选举临近之际，将选举安全作为核心政治议题的意图。当前民意调查显示，在特朗普支持率下滑的背景下，民主党有望重新夺回众议院控制权。共和党面临失去国会两院或其中一院控制权的风险。特朗普已对民主党控制国后可能发起的各项调查表示担忧，因此他与盟友正积极推动改变选举规则，包括重新划分选区、增加投票程序步骤，并对选举系统的有效性提出质疑。

The speech also highlights Trump's effort to elevate election security as a central political issue ahead of the November midterm elections, where Republicans are defending their congressional majorities. With polls showing Democrats favored to retake the House of Representatives amid Trump's slumping popularity, the president has expressed concern over potential investigations he could face if Democrats gain control of one or both chambers. Consequently, Trump and his allies are actively working to implement major voting changes, including adding procedural steps for voters and casting doubt on the validity of the nation's electoral systems.

特朗普的演讲随即引发了选举专家、民主党人及事实核查机构的强烈批评与质疑。参议院情报委员会副主席、民主党籍参议员马克·华纳发表声明谴责，指出美国民众在周四晚再次听到了总统重复那些已被调查多年且屡遭驳回的选举言论。华纳强调，当前美国选举面临的最大危险，正是国内有人利用这些虚假叙事作为借口，企图说服美国人相信他们的选举不可信，甚至以此来为前所未有的联邦干预进行辩护。

Trump's address immediately drew sharp criticism and skepticism from election experts, Democrats, and fact-checkers. Senator Mark Warner of Virginia, the Democratic vice chair of the Senate Intelligence Committee, strongly condemned the remarks in a statement, noting that Americans heard the president once again repeat claims about elections that have been investigated for years and repeatedly rejected. Warner emphasized that the greatest danger to U.S. elections is false narratives seized upon at home as a pretext to convince citizens that their elections cannot be trusted, or to justify unprecedented federal intervention.

与此同时，选举创新与研究中心执行主任大卫·贝克尔指出，特朗普政府在过去18个月里完全控制着联邦政府，并重新分配了大量纳税人资源试图寻找大规模选民舞弊的证据，但最终得到的只是更多被炒作和驳回的阴谋论，且这些论调早已被证实并未影响选举结果。此外，针对特朗普关于非公民在某些州进行选民登记的指控，内华达州等地方政府随即予以了明确驳回，指出其并未提供任何具体证据。

In tandem, David Becker, the executive director for the Center for Election Innovation and Research, argued that very little groundbreaking information was actually revealed in the address. Becker pointed out that despite the administration having total control of the federal government for 18 months and redirecting significant taxpayer resources to uncover evidence of massive voter fraud, the effort yielded only rehashed, debunked conspiracy theories that did not affect the elections. Furthermore, local authorities quickly pushed back on Trump's claims regarding noncitizen registration, with Nevada immediately rejecting the allegations as lacking concrete evidence.