特朗普政府动议撤销国会山骚乱定罪，涉及“骄傲男孩”与“誓言守护者”Trump Administration Moves to Vacate Remaining Jan. 6 Convictions for Right-Wing Groups

在司法部此次寻求撤销定罪的名单中，最引人注目的是“誓言守护者”组织的创始人斯图尔特·罗德斯（Stewart Rhodes）。罗德斯曾是国会山骚乱案中最高调的被告之一。在最初的审判中，检察官指控罗德斯及其组织成员策划并实施了针对美国政府的武装行动，旨在阻止权力的和平移交。除了罗德斯，名单中还包括多名“骄傲男孩”的领导层成员，他们在2023年的审判中被判定犯有多项重罪。

Among the 12 individuals listed in the Justice Department's filing is Stewart Rhodes, the founder of the Oath Keepers and one of the highest-profile defendants from the Jan. 6 investigations. At the time of his original conviction, prosecutors argued that Rhodes and his associates had orchestrated a coordinated effort to oppose the lawful transfer of presidential power by force. The list also encompasses several leaders of the Proud Boys who were convicted in 2023 on multiple felony counts related to their roles in the breach of the Capitol building.

值得注意的是，这些被告中的大多数此前被判定犯有极其严重的“煽动叛乱阴谋罪”（Seditious Conspiracy）。在法律动议涉及的四名特定被告中，除佩佐拉（Pezzola）外，其余三人均被判定犯有此项罪名。司法部现在的目标是让法院撤销这些定罪，从而使政府能够永久性地终止这些案件，不再保留任何犯罪记录。

Notably, most of these defendants were previously convicted of seditious conspiracy, one of the most serious charges leveled in the wake of the riot. Of the four primary defendants mentioned in specific filings, all but Dominic Pezzola were convicted of this charge. The Justice Department's current request aims to have the court vacate these specific findings so that the government can move to permanently dismiss the underlying indictments and remove the associated legal stigma.

此次司法部的行动是特朗普政府对国会山骚乱参与者实施广泛赦免政策的延续。自去年1月以来，特朗普已经减免了多名“骄傲男孩”和“誓言守护者”领导人的刑期。这一系列举措涵盖了超过1500名因该事件被起诉的被告，体现了行政当局对该事件性质的重新定义和对参与者的政治支持。

The Justice Department's action is a direct extension of President Trump's broader clemency policy regarding the Jan. 6 participants. Since last January, Trump has commuted the prison sentences of several key leaders from both the Proud Boys and the Oath Keepers. This sweeping act of clemency has applied to more than 1,500 defendants charged in connection with the events, signaling a fundamental shift in how the executive branch views the legal consequences of the Capitol protest.

• 赦免范围：涵盖超过1500名国会山骚乱被告。
• 核心目标：撤销包括“煽动叛乱阴谋罪”在内的重罪定罪。
• 执行机构：由美国检察官珍妮·皮罗领导的司法部办公室负责提交法律文件。

• Scope of Clemency: Covers over 1,500 defendants charged in the Jan. 6 cases.
• Primary Goal: Vacate felony convictions, including seditious conspiracy.
• Executing Agency: DOJ office led by U.S. Attorney Jeanine Pirro responsible for filings.

尽管特朗普已经发布了总统赦免令，但司法部向法院提交动议仍具有重要的法律意义。赦免通常只能免除刑罚，而撤销定罪（Vacating Convictions）则能从法律记录中彻底抹除犯罪事实。通过这种方式，政府试图确保这些被告在未来不会因这些定罪而面临任何法律限制或社会歧视。目前，该动议正等待哥伦比亚特区联邦巡回上诉法院的裁决。

While the presidential pardons provided immediate relief from prison sentences, the Justice Department's motion to vacate the convictions serves a distinct legal purpose. Vacating a conviction effectively erases the criminal finding from a person's record, whereas a pardon typically only forgives the punishment. By pursuing this route, the administration seeks to ensure that these individuals face no future legal disabilities or societal consequences stemming from their roles in the Jan. 6 events. The motion now awaits a ruling from the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals.

这一动议的成功将意味着国会山骚乱中最后几起重大的刑事定罪也将不复存在。对于司法部而言，这代表了从前任政府的严厉起诉立场向现任政府“拨乱反正”立场的彻底转变。随着法律文件的提交，这些曾经面临数十年监禁的极右翼组织领导人，现在正处于法律身份被完全恢复的边缘。

The success of this motion would mean that the last major criminal convictions from the Jan. 6 riot would be nullified. For the Justice Department, this represents a total reversal from the aggressive prosecution stance of the previous administration to a policy of legal restoration under the current one. With these filings, leaders of right-wing groups who once faced decades in prison are now on the verge of having their legal standing fully restored in the eyes of the federal government.