特朗普指控中国获取美选民数据并干预选举Trump Accuses China of Stealing US Voter Data to Influence Elections

美国总统特朗普于7月16日在白宫东厅发表全国电视讲话，对中国政府提出了一系列指控。他宣称中国非法获取了2.2亿美国选民的文件，并试图干预美国的选举。特朗普在讲话中重点阐述了选举安全问题，指责“深层政府”官僚隐瞒了这些数据泄露事件。这些指控在即将到来的美国中期选举前夕提出，引发了外界对美中关系的关注。

U.S. President Donald Trump delivered a televised address to the nation from the East Room of the White House on July 16, leveling a series of direct allegations against the Chinese government. Trump accused Beijing of illicitly obtaining election data belonging to 220 million Americans as part of a broader effort to influence U.S. elections, while claiming that "deep state" bureaucrats covered up the breach. These high-profile accusations have been raised ahead of the upcoming midterm elections and could impact Washington-Beijing relations.

尽管特朗普指控中国试图获取美国选民数据，但相关安全专家和记录指出，仅仅拥有此类选民信息并不能实现对选票或选举结果的实际篡改。特朗普在演讲中也并未声称中国修改了具体选票。然而，这一指控依然加剧了美中两国在技术安全领域的竞争，并引发了外界对两国在数据库漏洞和国家安全防范方面的担忧。

While Trump focused heavily on the claim that China sought to acquire American voter files, intelligence and security assessments note that possessing such voter information does not allow foreign actors to manipulate actual votes or alter election results. Trump himself did not claim that China changed votes, but the allegations have nevertheless intensified the technology and national security competition between the U.S. and China, particularly regarding database vulnerabilities.

特朗普在演讲中指责美国情报官员刻意向他隐瞒关于中国选举干预活动的报告。他声称，情报界内部存在一个“影子政府”，其成员故意扣押关键信息，不让总统及其他高层官员知晓。根据特朗普的说法，这些官员本应拉响警报，却选择将相关情报保密。他指出，新解密的文件揭示了情报界内部对于如何定性北京活动的激烈争论。

In his address, Trump detailed his allegations against the U.S. intelligence community, claiming that officials deliberately withheld critical reports regarding China's election influence activities. He argued that a "shadow government" operated within these agencies to keep significant intelligence hidden from the president and other senior leaders. According to Trump, those who were responsible for sounding the alarm on foreign interference instead chose to keep the information secret, preventing it from reaching the Oval Office. He asserted that newly declassified communications expose a bitter internal dispute among intelligence staff over how to characterize Beijing's actions.

作为其指控的核心证据，特朗普引用了一封国家安全局分析师的解密邮件。邮件中写道，相关人员“刻意润色”了一份待发的总统每日简报，以避免在其中直接提及选举。特朗普借此批评情报官员未能履行职责，指责他们将重要报告排除在总统简报之外。特朗普指责这些官员没有向他本人或任何其他人披露这些信息。

To support his claims, Trump pointed to a specific declassified email from a National Security Agency analyst. In the email, the analyst allegedly wrote that staff had "deliberately massaged" a pending presidential daily brief to avoid making any direct links to the election. Trump used this document to argue that intelligence officials actively kept crucial reporting out of his briefings. Trump accused these officials of failing to disclose the information to him as president or to anyone else.

尽管特朗普政府公开了大量解密文件以支持其指控，但对这些文件内容的评估表明，其中讨论的系统漏洞大多是多年来已被外界熟知的已知问题，且全美各地的选举官员一直在努力解决这些漏洞。没有任何解密信息能够支持过往选举结果（包括特朗普在2020年总统大选中失利的结果）曾遭到外国干预或欺诈篡改并改变了最终大选走向的说法。白宫官员则将此次披露解释为在11月中期选举前纠正系统漏洞的尝试。

An assessment of the newly declassified documents reveals that the system vulnerabilities they discuss have largely been known for years, and election officials across the United States have already been working to address them. None of the declassified information supports the claim that any past election results, including the 2020 presidential contest that Trump lost, were manipulated by foreign interference or fraud in a way that would have altered the final outcome. While White House officials framed the disclosures as an effort to correct vulnerabilities ahead of November's midterm elections, security experts note that possessing voter data does not allow foreign actors to manipulate actual votes.

在这些解密材料中，还包括一份此前已经公开的联邦调查局（FBI）备忘录。该备忘录描述了一项据称由中国策划的干预2020年美国大选的阴谋，但情报官员和特工此前一直对该备忘录的内容持怀疑态度。尽管特朗普声称中国试图获取美国选民数据，但安全评估明确指出，仅仅拥有此类选民信息并不能实现对选票或选举结果的实际篡改。

The released materials also reference a previously disclosed FBI memo describing a purported Chinese scheme to meddle in the 2020 election. However, intelligence agents have long viewed that specific memo with skepticism. Although the Trump administration has highlighted these documents to suggest future elections are at risk, the files do not provide evidence of successful past manipulation.

针对特朗普的指控，中国方面予以了否认。就在特朗普发表讲话后不久，中国国家主席习近平在上海举行的中国人工智能峰会开幕式上向数百名科技高管、研究人员和行业人士发表了讲话。习近平在致辞中强调，中国致力于成为负责任的全球科技领袖，并主张引导技术发展以造福人类。他指出，随着人工智能以惊人的速度发展，必须确保其发展是积极的、向善的并造福人类。

China has denied the allegations leveled by Trump. Shortly after the U.S. president's address, Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a speech in Shanghai at the opening of China's flagship artificial intelligence summit. Speaking to hundreds of tech executives, researchers, and industry figures on Friday, Xi presented Beijing as a responsible global leader dedicated to shaping the future of technology for good. He emphasized that with artificial intelligence advancing at a staggering speed, its development must be guided to remain positive, beneficial, and for the good of humanity.

习近平在讲话中还强调，必须使人工智能的监管和治理精准有效，并不断完善措施以防止失控。这一表态反映出北京在美中技术竞争日益激烈的时刻，积极争取主导制定全球人工智能规则的意图。中方展现的这一治理立场，与美方对其利用技术漏洞干预选举的指控形成了鲜明对比，也反映出两国在技术竞争与国家安全关切上的深刻分歧。

Xi also stressed the necessity of precise and effective oversight and governance of AI, calling for constantly refined measures to forestall any loss of control. This message represents a clear bid by Beijing to lead the establishment of global rules around artificial intelligence. The contrast between Trump's accusations of technological exploitation and Xi's focus on responsible AI governance illustrates the deepening competition and national security anxieties between the United States and China.