美国联邦上诉法院裁定德克萨斯州公立学校可强制展示《十诫》Federal Appeals Court Upholds Texas Law Requiring Ten Commandments in Classrooms
2026年4月21日周二晚间，美国联邦第五巡回上诉法院做出裁决，允许德克萨斯州强制要求公立学校在每个教室内展示《十诫》。这项裁决支持了德克萨斯州议会于2025年6月通过的第10号参议院法案（SB 10），该法案规定全州公立小学和中学必须在教室内悬挂“耐用的海报或装裱好的《十诫》副本”。此次裁决以9比7的投票结果通过，推翻了此前由美国公民自由联盟（ACLU）及相关宗教自由组织在2025年12月发起的法律挑战，标志着保守派在将宗教元素融入公共教育体系的长期努力中取得了关键胜利。
On Tuesday evening, April 21, 2026, the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Texas can require public schools to display the Ten Commandments in every classroom. The decision upholds Texas Senate Bill 10 (SB 10), enacted in June 2025, which mandates that public elementary and secondary schools display a "durable poster or framed copy" of the biblical text. In a divided 9-7 vote, the New Orleans-based court reversed a previous legal challenge filed in December 2025 by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and other religious freedom organizations. This ruling represents a major victory for conservatives who have long sought to incorporate more religious heritage into the public school system.
该裁决的核心在于对美国宪法第一修正案“确立条款”的解读。由巡回法官斯图尔特·凯尔·邓肯（Stuart Kyle Duncan）撰写、首席法官詹妮弗·沃克·埃尔罗德（Jennifer Walker Elrod）及另外七名法官联署的多数意见书指出，SB 10法案并不等同于建立官方宗教。法院认为，该法律并未指示教堂、犹太教堂或清真寺应该信仰什么或如何礼拜，因此不具备历史意义上的“宗教确立”特征。这一司法结论不仅巩固了德克萨斯州的政策，也为其他正在考虑或已经通过类似立法的州提供了重要的法律支撑。
The core of the ruling rests on the interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The majority opinion, written by Circuit Judge Stuart Kyle Duncan and joined by Chief Judge Jennifer Walker Elrod and seven others, stated that SB 10 does not establish an official religion. The court argued that the law "looks nothing like a historical religious establishment" because it does not dictate to religious institutions what to believe or how to worship. This judicial conclusion not only solidifies Texas policy but also provides significant legal momentum for other states that have considered or passed similar legislation requiring religious displays in educational settings.
01法律争议与法院意见Legal Controversy and Court Opinion
在长达数月的法律博弈中，原告方主张SB 10法案违反了政教分离原则，认为在公立学校强制展示特定宗教文本会对学生产生不当影响。然而，第五巡回法院的多数派法官驳回了这一观点。法院在意见书中明确表示，该法律允许学校展示捐赠的海报，且其形式更接近于一种历史和文化展示，而非强制性的宗教灌输。
Throughout months of legal maneuvering, plaintiffs argued that SB 10 violated the principle of separation of church and state, contending that mandating religious texts in public schools exerts undue influence on students. However, the majority of the 5th Circuit rejected this view. The court's opinion clarified that the law allows schools to display donated posters, framing the requirement as more of a historical and cultural display rather than a mandate for religious indoctrination.
SB 10看起来一点也不像历史上的宗教确立。它没有告诉教堂、犹太教堂或清真寺应该相信什么，也没有规定如何进行礼拜。
S.B. 10 looks nothing like a historical religious establishment. It does not tell churches or synagogues or mosques what to believe or how to worship.
美国联邦第五巡回上诉法院多数派意见书Majority opinion of the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals
02全美范围内的立法趋势National Legislative Trends
德克萨斯州的这一裁决并非孤例，而是全美保守派州政府推动校园宗教化趋势的一部分。近期，多个州也采取了类似的立法行动，试图在公共教育空间中增加宗教色彩。这些法律的通过往往伴随着激烈的社会辩论和法律挑战。
The Texas ruling is not an isolated event but part of a broader national trend among conservative state governments to increase religious presence in schools. Recently, several other states have taken similar legislative actions, attempting to integrate religious elements into public educational spaces. The passage of these laws is frequently accompanied by intense social debate and immediate legal challenges.
- 阿肯色州和路易斯安那州：已通过类似法律，目前正面临法庭挑战。
- 阿拉巴马州：州长凯·艾维（Kay Ivey）于本月早些时候签署了相关法律。
- 德克萨斯州：除《十诫》外，校董事会近期还批准了包含圣经经文的新课程材料。
- Arkansas and Louisiana: Both states have passed similar laws that are currently being challenged in court.
- Alabama: Governor Kay Ivey signed a similar law earlier this month.
- Texas: In addition to the Ten Commandments, school boards recently approved new course materials that include Bible passages.
03批评声音与未来走向Criticism and Future Outlook
尽管法院做出了裁决，但批评者指出这场法律斗争远未结束。民权组织和宗教自由倡导者认为，这种做法侵犯了家长引导子女宗教教育的权利，并可能导致非基督教背景的学生感到被排斥。他们警告称，这种裁决可能会破坏公立学校的包容性环境。
Despite the court's ruling, critics emphasize that the legal battle is far from over. Civil rights groups and religious freedom advocates argue that such mandates infringe upon the rights of parents to direct their children's religious upbringing and may alienate students from non-Christian backgrounds. They warn that the ruling could undermine the inclusive environment of public schools.
法律专家预测，由于不同巡回法院在类似问题上可能存在分歧，此案最终极有可能上诉至美国最高法院。随着德克萨斯州、路易斯安那州等地的法律相继进入司法程序，最高法院可能需要就《十诫》在公立学校的地位做出最终的宪法裁定。这不仅将决定德克萨斯州法律的命运，也将为全美公立教育中的宗教展示划定明确的法律界限。
Legal experts predict that this case is highly likely to reach the U.S. Supreme Court, especially if different circuit courts diverge on similar issues. As laws in Texas, Louisiana, and elsewhere move through the judicial system, the high court may be required to issue a definitive constitutional ruling on the status of the Ten Commandments in public schools. Such a decision would not only determine the fate of the Texas law but also establish clear legal boundaries for religious displays in public education nationwide.
08多源对比Source Comparison
同一事件下，不同媒体的标题与原文节选往往呈现不同关注点。这里汇总最核心的几条报道，方便快速交叉比对。
Coverage of the same event often emphasizes different angles. This view puts the most relevant reports side by side for quick cross-checking.
A Federal court in Texas ruled that the state can require public schools to display donated posters of the Ten Commandme...
The Texas law requiring public schools to display the Ten Commandments in each classroom has been upheld by the Fifth Ci...
DALLAS (AP) — Texas can require the Ten Commandments to be displayed in public school classrooms, a U.S.