第81届联合国大会高级别周开幕 聚焦多重冲突与AI治理81st UN General Assembly Convenes Over Conflicts and AI Governance

第81届联合国大会高级别周定于2026年9月22日正式开启一般性辩论，整个日程将持续至9月28日。联合国发言人斯特凡·杜加里克表示，除国家元首和政府首脑外，本届大会还将迎来49位部长、11位副总统和1位王储，各成员国已提交约1000份双边会晤申请，会议期间安排了168场相关活动。杜加里克在代表团抵达成前将联合国总部的内部氛围概括为“高度紧张”。

The General Debate of the 81st United Nations General Assembly high-level week officially begins on Tuesday, September 22, 2026, with proceedings running through September 28. Beyond heads of state and government, the gathering will host 49 ministers, 11 vice presidents, and one crown prince, according to UN spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric. Member states have submitted approximately 1,000 bilateral meeting requests alongside 168 scheduled side events, leading Dujarric to describe the atmosphere inside headquarters ahead of arrivals simply as 'high stress.'

按照开幕议程传统，秘书长古特雷斯将于周二上午致开幕辞，随后由巴西总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦首先登台发言，美国总统特朗普紧随其后。这是已连任两届的古特雷斯在年底卸任前的最后一次高级别周。古特雷斯公开表示全球领导人正汇聚于一个“深层不确定性的时代”，各成员国也正在物色其继任人选，而各方对新兴人工智能模型治理等新型议题的关切同样贯穿本届大会筹备过程。

Under the opening protocol, Secretary-General António Guterres will deliver introductory remarks on Tuesday morning, followed by Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva—who speaks first by tradition—and then US President Donald Trump. This session marks the final high-level week for Guterres, who is stepping down at the end of the year after two terms. Guterres observed that world leaders are convening 'in an era of deep uncertainty,' as the world body actively searches for his successor and concerns over emerging artificial intelligence models hover over the proceedings.

美伊战争在2026年9月下旬进入第七个月，霍尔木兹海峡及红海水域的航运安全成为本次联大会议讨论的焦点。胡塞武装在红海及曼德海峡的冲突持续扰乱海上航运，引发海湾国家对区域安全的新担忧。古特雷斯表示将利用与各国领导人的双边接触，争取在中东推动局势降温，并力促恢复霍尔木兹海峡与曼德海峡的航行自由；不过，此前推动就化肥运输开放霍尔木兹海峡的外交努力尚未取得实质进展。

As the war between the United States and Iran enters its seventh month following military strikes launched in late February, maritime security disruptions in the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea dominate bilateral discussions across the assembly. Ongoing conflict involving Iran-backed Houthi forces has intensified pressure on commercial shipping passing through the Red Sea and the Bab el-Mandeb waterway, creating heightened security concerns among Gulf nations. Secretary-General Guterres stated he will use his meetings with world leaders to advocate for de-escalation in the Middle East and push for freedom of navigation across critical waterways, though previous UN efforts to negotiate an opening of the Strait of Hormuz for fertilizer shipments have not gained traction.

美国官员透露，特朗普计划于周二与海湾国家领导人举行会晤，讨论对伊战争的下一阶段行动。在会场另一侧，伊朗总统佩泽希齐扬定于周三向联大发表演讲。美国国务院对到访的伊朗代表团实施了严格限制，缩减了代表团规模并拒绝向部分人员发放签证，随行官员的活动范围和购物行为将受到美国外交安全特工的实地管控，目前尚不明确伊朗代表是否会与特朗普政府官员举行会晤。

US President Donald Trump is scheduled to meet Tuesday with Gulf leaders to discuss the next phase of the war with Iran, according to two US officials. Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian is scheduled to address the world body on Wednesday, one day after Trump speaks. The US State Department has limited the size of the Iranian delegation, denying visas to several officials and placing strict movement and purchasing restrictions on attending diplomats enforced by diplomatic security agents, while it remains unclear whether Iranian delegates will meet with Trump administration representatives.

俄乌战争已进入全面爆发以来的第五个年头，乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基定于周三在联大发表演讲，其欧洲盟友正试图在乌克兰面临又一个战时冬季之际争取国际支持。泽连斯基表示将在纽约与美国总统特朗普举行会晤。本月早些时候，美国特使史蒂夫·威特科夫与贾里德·库什纳曾分别在基辅会见泽连斯基并在莫斯科会见俄罗斯总统普京，此后数周内特朗普仅与普京进行了通话。

With Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine moving well into its fifth year, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy is scheduled to address the General Assembly on Wednesday as European allies work to rally international backing ahead of another winter of war. Zelenskyy stated that he will hold a meeting in New York with US President Donald Trump. That planned engagement follows separate meetings held earlier this month by US special envoy Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner with Zelenskyy in Kyiv and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow, after which Trump has spoken only with Putin in the ensuing weeks.

俄罗斯方面，普京已十余年未出席联合国大会。俄罗斯外长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫计划于9月26日发表演讲，并在本周早些时候于联大场边会晤美国国务卿马尔科·卢比奥。尽管联合国秘书长古特雷斯正持续推动停火，但联合国观察人士并未预计在乌克兰停火议题上取得重大突破，俄罗斯在联合国安理会行使的否决权继续阻碍联合国发挥任何实质性斡旋作用。

Russian President Vladimir Putin has not attended the General Assembly in over a decade. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov is scheduled to deliver an address on September 26 and plans to meet with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio on the sidelines of the event earlier in the week. While Secretary-General António Guterres continues to push for a ceasefire in Ukraine, diplomatic observers do not anticipate major breakthroughs, as Russia uses its veto power on the UN Security Council to block any meaningful role for the world body.

巴以问题在本届联大再度引发程序与外交争议。特朗普政府连续第二年拒绝向巴勒斯坦权力机构主席马哈茂德·阿巴斯及其随行代表团发放赴美签证。联合国大会随后以压倒性多数投票批评美方拒签决定，并批准阿巴斯再次通过视频向大会致辞。阿巴斯的预录演讲定于周四上午在联大播放。与此同时，法国计划在本周召集后续会议讨论巴以“两国方案”，此前法国与其他几个西方国家在去年的联大会议期间宣布承认巴勒斯坦国。

Disputes surrounding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and diplomatic access resurfaced ahead of General Debate proceedings. For the second consecutive year, the Trump administration denied entry visas to Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas and his delegation. The UN General Assembly voted overwhelmingly to criticize the US action and permitted Abbas to deliver his statement remotely via recorded video, scheduled for broadcast Thursday morning. Concurrently, France plans to convene a follow-up meeting this week regarding the two-state solution to the conflict, following moves by France and several other Western nations to formally recognize the State of Palestine during last year's UNGA sessions.

正处于竞选阶段的以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡定于周四晚些时候在联大讲台发言，为其在伊朗和加沙问题上的记录辩护。以色列常驻联合国代表丹尼·达农表示，尽管会场外存在抗议活动，内塔尼亚胡仍将发言。纽约市长佐兰·马姆达尼表示不会参加相关抗议活动，而特朗普政府则驳回了有关国际刑事法院逮捕令的主张，并承诺继续削弱位于海牙的国际刑事法院。

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who is in the midst of an election campaign, is scheduled to speak from the podium later Thursday to defend his record on Iran and Gaza. Israel's Ambassador to the UN Danny Danon stated that Netanyahu will address the assembly despite planned protests outside the venue. While New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani stated he will not attend those demonstrations, the Trump administration dismissed earlier references to an International Criminal Court warrant and promised to maintain its campaign against the tribunal in The Hague.

在一般性辩论演讲之外，各代表团通过密集的场边接触竞相争取美国关注。特朗普预计将在联大会议期间签署一份与丹麦和格陵兰谈判达成的协议，该协议将使美国获得对格陵兰安全的“永久控制权”。此前特朗普曾威胁要武力吞并格陵兰，尽管目前尚不明确该协议与现行赋予美方在当地拥有大规模军事存在的安排有何具体区别。与此同时，有关方面本周还将为特朗普设立的“和平委员会”举行一场高级别简报会，该委员会旨在监督加沙重建，特朗普曾公开提及该机构最终可能取代联合国。

Beyond podium speeches in the General Assembly hall, diplomatic delegations are engaging in extensive bilateral talks to capture the attention of the United States. US President Donald Trump is expected to sign an agreement negotiated with Denmark and Greenland that would hand the United States 'permanent control' over Greenlandic security, coming months after he threatened to annex the island by force. It remains unclear how the terms of the pending accord will differ from existing security frameworks that already provide the US military with a substantial footprint on the territory. Concurrently, a high-level briefing is scheduled this week for Trump's Board of Peace, an entity originally conceived to oversee the reconstruction of Gaza that Trump previously suggested might eventually replace the United Nations.

除了地缘冲突与安全事务，人工智能等前沿技术的跨国治理问题也成为本届联大各代表团面对的共同考验。大会筹备期间，各成员国对新兴人工智能模型监管的关注持续升温。分析人士指出，多国政要正试图利用曼哈顿闭门会晤和双边接触确立自身话语权，而新兴技术带来的制度挑战，连同气候变化与苏丹局势等既有危机，使本届大会在多边机构权力结构承压之际面临更广泛的全球治理问责。

Alongside conventional geopolitical disputes, the cross-border governance of emerging technologies is drawing focused attention from attending delegations. Member states have raised mounting concerns regarding the regulation of emerging artificial intelligence models throughout the assembly's preparations. Policy analysts observe that governments are leveraging closed-door bilateral meetings in Manhattan to secure diplomatic influence, even as novel technological pressures, combined with ongoing crises such as climate change and conflict in Sudan, subject multilateral governance mechanisms to broader institutional scrutiny.